Objective: To carry out an epidemiological analysis characterizing the type and location of the injury, severity based on recovery time, game position, and injury for hours of exposure. Methods: Data collection was carried out in the sub 15, sub 17, and sub 20 categories and verified records made by the medical team of the club, which was trained to use the F-MARC form (a form of the medical research center of the International Football Federation-FIFA) at the beginning of the season. To perform the data analysis, the GraphPad Prism software was used. All variables were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results: In relation to the 129 athletes monitored during the season, 62 athletes presented some injury during the season, presenting 42.2 injuries for every 1000 hours of play, the Sub 15 category was the one with the highest incidence of injury, followed by the Sub17 and U20. The average time of leave after injury was 3.65 ± 4.2 weeks, the Defenders were the ones with the highest injury rate. There were 27 articular injuries (43.54%), 25 muscle injuries (40.32%), 9 bone injuries (15.41%), and one pathological injury (1.61%), and the most affected regions were ankle and knee. Conclusion: It is concluded that the moment of the game is the moment when the greatest number of injuries occurs, having a greater incidence in the athletes of the category Sub 15, the Defenders suffered more injuries and the Lower Limbs were more affected, mainly by articular traumas.

Detection of pathogen-related single-nucleotide variation is indispensable for the disease tracing, but remains as a technical challenge. The D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 genome is known to enhance the viral infectiousness markedly but inconvenient to detect. Here, we report an effective approach for detecting the D614 and G614 variants by using synthetic mismatch integrated crRNA guided Cas12a detection (symRNA-Cas12a). We systemically screened all possible nucleotide substitutions covering -2 to +2 position around mutation in crRNA and got an efficient crRNA, which increased the detection specificity up to 13 folds over ancestral crRNA. With the selected crRNA, the symRNA-Cas12a assay can detect as low as 10 copies of synthetic mutant RNA and has 100% agreement with Sanger sequencing result of SARS-CoV-2 D614G mutants in the clinical samples. Overall, we developed the symRNA-Cas12a to specifically, sensitively and rapidly detect SARS-CoV-2 D614G mutation.

This paper studies a new kind of generalized Caputo fractional differential quasi-variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces. We prove uniqueness and stability of the abstract inequality by using generalized singular Gronwall's lemma, projection operators and contraction principle. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the abstract results.

Mathematical modeling of uncertain FIDEs is an extremely significant topic in electric circuits, signal processing, electromagnetics, and anomalous diffusion systems. Based on the RKA, a touching numerical approach is considering in this study to solve groups of FFIDEs with ABC fractional distributed order derivatives. The solution-based approach ‎lies in generating infinite orthogonal basis from kernel functions, where uncertain condition is fulfilled. Thereafter, an orthonormal basis is erected to figurate fuzzy ABC solutions with series shape in idioms of η-cut extrapolation in Hilbert space A(D) and B(D). In this orientation, fuzzy ABC fractional integral, fuzzy ABC fractional derivative, and fuzzy ABC FIDE are utilized and comprised. The competency and accuracy of the suggested approach are indicating by employing several experiments. From theoretical viewpoints, the acquired results signalize that the utilize approach has several merits in feasibility and opportunity for treating with many fractional ABC distributed order models. In the end, highlights and future suggested research work are eluded.

Background: Infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus is a recent disease that is easily spread and has serious complications, such as neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms. Thus, studies are necessary on the clinical manifestations during and/or after the course of the disease. Aims and objectives: To describe the relationship between neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Systematic review conducted in the Pubmed Portal, Brazilian Virtual Health Library, Cochrane, and Science Direct databases. The descriptors coronavirus, SARS, and neurologic symptoms were used in Pubmed, Cochrane, and Science Direct databases, while the descriptors SARS Virus and Nervous System were used in the Virtual Health Library database. A total of 1024 studies were found and 67 were selected to compose this systematic review. The studies were analyzed qualitatively with the narrative description divided into four thematic categories. Results: There is a pathophysiological relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and manifestations involving the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System through different pathways and mechanisms. The chances of Nervous System manifestations increase in elderly patients with associated morbidities, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or pre-existing neurological/psychiatric diseases. The most cited neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms were headache, delirium, smell and/or taste disorders, and stroke. The evaluation and monitoring of patients during and after COVID-19 infection is important for the early detection and treatment of neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms. Conclusions: It is recommended that health professionals monitor patients with COVID-19 infection or who had recently had the disease for detecting neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms, especially elderly patients, people with comorbidities such as cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, diabetes mellitus, and obesity, and patients with pre-existing neurological/psychiatric diseases. Decision-making for the implementation of an early rehabilitation treatment can be reinforced in this groups, minimizing the sequels resulting from COVID-19.

In late 2019, an outbreak of respiratory disease named COVID-19 started in China and rapidly spread to other parts of the world. To date, millions of cases of infection are reported worldwide. Most researches performed on epidemiology and clinical features of COVID-19 and a small part of studies have focused on the genetic characteristics of this virus. Here we performed six months study on D614G mutation in SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Regarding the high price and low availability of sequencing techniques in Iran, we designed the PCR-RFLP method for D614G mutation detection and then evaluated 1440 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples isolated in six months in Northeastern Iran. The first S-G type was detected on 2020 June 10; after that, the number of S-G types increased in our samples, as in the last three weeks, from 2020 September 07 to 2020 September 26, all samples belonged to this type.

The first-principles methods based on the density functional theory were employed to study the structural stability, segregation and work function of Mg doped with fourteen metal elements existing in human body. The calculated results show that there is a simple correlation between solid solution and segregation. Doping Sn, Y, Li, Gd, Nd, Sc and Zn atoms have a negative formation energy as well as a positive segregation energy. This suggests that these elements which are not easier to be dissolved in Mg matrix tend to segregate on the Mg (0001) surface. An opposite trend was observed for Ba, Fe, Mn, W, Sr, Ca and Mo. On the other hand, the electronic work function of Mg (0001) surface was increased significantly for doping Mo, W, Fe, and Mn, and was reduced markedly for Ba, Ca and Sr. For Li, Sn, Sc, Gd, and Y, their doping on Mg surface generate a relatively small change in work function. In addition, the relationships of corrosion behavior to segregation and work function were discussed. This study may provide an avenue for seeking a more appropriate alloying element of Mg alloys with improved corrosion resistance in biomedical applications.

Continuous Integration (CI) is an approach to be continually validating the state of a codebase through automated testing. Best achieved through integration with version control. Continues Delivery/Deployment (CD) is a method to regularly deploy artifacts that successfully permit the CI phase to ensure assurance around deployment. Continues integration, continuous Deliver/Deployment are like the vectors that have the same direction, but different magnitude. Objectives of CI CD for any software development environment is to make code development and code release Faster in robust fashion. CI CD can automatically prepare and track a release to production, eliminate manual tasks and developers become more productive and eventually quality will not be compromised as standards and governance can be practices on central infrastructure.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) causes Aujeszky’s disease or pseudorabies (PR), which is characterized by fatal encephalitis in newborn piglets, respiratory infection in growing and fattening pigs, and reproductive failures in pregnant sows. It establishes a lifelong latent infection in the peripheral nervous system followed by subsequent intermittent shedding of infectious virus. Since 2011, highly virulent PRV strains that are genetically different from the classic PRV strains surfaced in pig herds in China. Availability of a highly sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic assay for rapid differential detection of PRV variants is critical to prevent huge economic losses to the U.S. and Canadian pork industries if these strains enter North America and cause an outbreak. Here we describe the development and evaluation of a single-tube triplex real-time-PCR assay for differential detection of variant strains of PRV. The assay targets the intergenic region between the US2 and US6 genes in the PRV genome, is highly sensitive and specific, and it did not detect other non-target viruses, including related herpesviruses. The clinical specificity and sensitivity of the assay was evaluated using whole blood, serum, tissue and swab samples collected from known negative and experimentally inoculated pigs with either classical (Bristol) or variant (JS-2012 and HeN1) PRV strains. The targeted genomic region of this assay is also deleted in commonly used PRV gE-deleted marker vaccines, and therefore, the triplex assay did not detect viral DNA extracted from two commercial vaccine strains Bartha K-61 and Bucharest. This single-tube triplex assay can be used for routine diagnostics and epidemiological studies for detection and differentiation of classical strains from variant strains of PRV, and as a differentiation of infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA) assay when PRV gE- deletion mutant marker vaccines are used.

In this paper, we consider a particle moves on a space curve in the Euclidean 3-space and resolve its acceleration and jerk vectors according to quasi-frame. In this resolution, by appyling Siacci's theorem, we state the acceleration vector as the sum of its tangential and radial components, and obtain the jerk vector along the tangential direction and radial directions in osculating and rectifying planes. On the basis of the jerk vector formula , we give the maximum admissible speed on a space curve at all trajectory points. Furthermore, we present illustrative examples to explain how our results work.

This research focuses on the development of a new non-destructive inspection method, based on the interpretation of electromagnetic waves by means of a ground penetrating radar (GPR), in order to evaluate the condition of the backfilling two-component mortar grouting behind the segmental lining in tunnels made by tunnel boring machines (TBM). The data processing by digital models and the analysis of the propagation speed of the along the backfilling grouting layer have enabled the technical and operational feasibility of this novel inspection method. Once the conceptual framework of the research was defined, it was possible to validate the developed method in a full-scale operational environment in the Metro of Quito Line 1 (Ecuador). This validation involved a battery of tests collating the results obtained through the core-drilling extractions in comparison with the ones obtained with GPR. As a result of these calibration tests, it was possible to identify a range of propagation speeds linked to grouting in optimal execution conditions, as well as other ranges associated with potential anomalies. Finally, it was possible to implement this new inspection methodology on a regular basis in the Metro of Quito, where the conventional quality control by core-drillings was replaced almost entirely for the new method with GPR.

Let L_n be a linear hexagonal chain with n hexagons. Let L^2_n be the graph obtained by the strong prism of a linear hexagonal chain with n hexagons, i.e. the strong product of L_n and K_2. In this paper, explicit expressions for degree-Kirchhoff index and number of spanning trees of L^2_n are determined, respectively. Furthermore, it is interesting to find that the degree-Kirchhoff index of L^2_n is almost one eighth of its Gutman index.

In this paper, a new SEIR model incorporating the effects of awareness programs on the epidemic spreading is analyzed. Two types of equilibria and the basic reproduction number of the model are given, and an algebraic approach is used to prove the global stability of the equilibria. Then the sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number and endemic equilibrium is performed. Moreover, the effects of awareness and media parameters on system dynamics are analyzed. Finally, we conduct numerical simulation to verify the analytical results.

Evapotranspiration as the key component of the terrestrial water cycle, an accurate estimates of evapotranspiration are of great importance for water irrigation management. Although many applicable ET models have been developed, these are largely focused on low altitude regions, with little attention to alpine ecosystem. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of 14 evapotranspiration (ET0) models by comparison with large weigh lysimeter measurements. Specifically, we use Bowen ratio-energy balance method, three combination models, seven radiation-based models and three temperature-based models driven with data from June 2017 to December 2018 in a humid alpine meadow, northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The daily actual evapotranspiration was obtained by large weighing lysimeters located in an alpine Kobresia meadow. We found that the performances of the 14 ET0 models, ranked on the basis of their RMSE (root mean square error), decreased in the order: Bowen> Priestley-Taylor> DeBruin-Keijman> 1963 Penman> FAO-24 Penman> FAO-56 Penman-Monteith > IRMAK1> Makkink (1957) > Makkink(1967)>Makkink> IRMAK2 > Hargreaves>Hargreaves1>Hargreaves2. For the combination models, FAO24 Penman yielded the highest correlation, followed by Pen-63 and FAO-56 PM. For radiation-based models, PT and DK obtained the highest correlation, followed by Makkink, Makkink(1967) and Makkink (1957), IRMAK1 and IRMAK2. For temperature-based models, HAR, HAR1 and HAR2 obtained the same correlation. Overall, the Bowen performed best, with RMSEs 0.98, followed by radiation-based models, combination models and temperature-based models. Furthermore, all models tended to underestimate measured ETa during periods of larger evaporative demand (i.e. growing season) and overestimate measured ETa during lower evaporative demand (i.e. non-growing season). Our results could provide a new sight for the accurate assessment of evapotranspiration in an alpine ecosystem.

Field measurements were conducted to study the influence of aquatic vegetation on flow structures in floodplains with the hydrodynamic conditions dominated by combined current and wind-driven wave. Wave and turbulent flow velocity components were decomposed from the time series of instantaneous velocity and analyzed separately. With the ratio of wave excursion to stem spacing less than 0.5, the interaction between wave and vegetation was weak in present study, leading to the vertical distributions of time-averaged velocity (Uhoriz) and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) with the presence of vegetation similar with the vegetated flow structures under pure current conditions. For emergent vegetations, Uhoriz and TKE distributed uniformly through the entire water column or increased slightly from bed to water surface. Similar distributions were present in the lower part of submerged vegetations. Within the upper part of submerged vegetations, Uhoriz and TKE increased rapidly toward water surface and TKE reached its maximum near the top of vegetation. With small Ew/S the wave orbital velocity (Uw) within vegetation was not attenuated when compared with the Uw above vegetation, and Uw through the entire water column can be predicted by the linear wave theory. However, wind-driven waves made the turbulence generated near the top of canopy penetrate a deeper depth into vegetation than predictions under pure current conditions.

Aim: There are inter-individual variations in the impact of the Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) polymorphisms on salbutamol response in asthmatic patients. We performed this meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between ADRB2 Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms and salbutamol responsiveness. Methods: Eight cyber databases (PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Date and VIP) were searched to select eligible studies until August 2020. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the strength of the association. Results: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight studies involving 894 patients were recruited. There was a clear relationship between the Arg16Gly polymorphism and salbutamol response [AG vs. AA: OR=1.470, 95%CI (1.046, 2.066), P=0.026; GG+AA vs. AG: OR=0.668, 95%CI (0.502, 0.889), P=0.006]. Stratified analysis by age revealed significant association in adult asthmatics [AG vs. AA: OR=1.894, 95%CI (1.262, 2.843), P=0.002; GG+AA vs. AG: OR=0.597, 95%CI (0.426, 0.837), P=0.003]. Caucasian and Asian patients with the AG genotype showed a good response to salbutamol compared to those with the GG+AA or AA genotypes, respectively. However, the association among the Gln27Glu polymorphism and salbutamol response was not significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the ADRB2 gene Arg16Gly polymorphism may predict salbutamol responsiveness in asthmatic patients. The patients with the AG genotype are likely to show a greater response to salbutamol in comparison to those with the AA or GG+AA genotypes, especially in adult asthmatics. There may be no association between the Gln27Glu polymorphism and salbutamol response.

In dis paper, we introduce a new subclass of uniformly convex functions wif negative coefficients defined by Gegenbauer polynomials. We obtain teh coefficient bounds, growth distortion properties, extreme points and radii of close-to-convexity, starlikeness and convexity for functions belonging to teh class $TS( \upsilon, \varrho , \lambda, t ).$ Furthermore, we obtained modified Hadamard product, convolution and integral operators for dis class.

Study of the carnivore guild is the key to understand quantitative relationship between members of the carnivore community. The aim of the study was to investigate diversity, abundance and population structure of the mongoose in Nech Sar National Park. Ecological data collection on mongoose species has been carried out from September 2017 to August 2018 in Nech Sar National Park (NSNP). Based on the habitat type and topography of NSNP, 10 transects, each of 4-5 km long were sampled to traverse the major habitat types in the park. Line transect distance sampling methodology was used to determine abundance and population status. DISTANCE (Version 6.0, Release 2) Software was used for density and abundance estimation of mongoose populations. The key to distance sampling analyses is to fit a detection function to the observed distances, and hence, the key functions hazard rate + hermite polynomial, unform + cosine polynomial and half normal + hermite polynomial models were chosen over the others on the basis of best fit. Three species of mongoose namely- Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon,) Slender mongoose (Herpestessanguineus) and White tailed mongoose (Ichneumiaalbicauda) were identified in the study. The overall density of mongoose in the study area was 2.3048+0.16070 individuals/km2 with population estimate of 943+85.593 individuals. Based on season and habitat type, density and abundance estimates showed variation (P<0.05). However, species composition between seasons and habitats was the same. The highest species diversity (H=1.197) was recorded in bushland habitat. The population was female-baised with 1:1.171 and 1:1.59, male to female ratio during wet and dry seasons, respectively. Adult to young (subadult and juvenile) ratio was1.05:1 and 0.94: 1 during wet and dry seasons, respectively. Further researches on other ecological parameters viz. behavior, feeding habit and activity pattern are important to acquire a complete picture about mongoose ecology in the park.

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) were utilized for rapid and simultaneous assessment of the lipid oxidation indices in French fries. The conventional indexes (i.e. total polar compounds, oxidized triacylglycerol polymerized products, oxidation products, and triacylglycerol hydrolysis products, acid values and peroxide values), and FTIR absorbance intensity in French fries were determined during deep-frying process, and the results showed the French fries had better quality in palm oil, followed by sunflower oil, rapeseed oil and soybean oil. The FTIR spectra of oil extracted from French fries were correlated to the reference oxidation indexes determined by AOCS standard method. The results of BP-ANN prediction showed that the model based on FTIR fitted well (R2 > 0.926, RMSEC < 0.614, RMSEP< 0.550) compared with partial least-squares model (R2 > 0.876, RMSEC < 1.144, RMSEP< 1.257). This facile strategy with excellent performance has great potential for rapid characterization quality of French fries during frying.

Background: allergic rhinitis is a common childhood disease responsible for a major impact on quality of life and health care resources. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the link between allergy and otitis media, although a definitive mechanism has not been identified yet. One of the major critical points is that authors failed in distinguishing among different phenotypes of middle ear inflammation. This review pointed out evidence from the laboratory and clinical experience to link allergy to different phenotypes of otitis media in children. Methods: we performed a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) process. Our search yielded 3010 articles that were finally screened. This resulted in 20 publications of which the full texts included for the qualitative analysis based on different phenotypes of otitis media. Results: clinical evidences and analyses of biomarkers suggested that allergy may be linked to some phenotypes of otitis media and, in particular, to otitis media with effusion and acute re-exacerbations in children with middle ear effusion. It was not possible to perform the analysis for allergy and acute and chronic otitis media because of paucity and heterogeneity of data. Conclusion: Allergy should be considered in the diagnostic work up of different phenotypes of otitis media. Clinicians should evaluate prompt and accurate treatment of allergy in improving outcomes, although futures studies are required to increase evidence supporting that anti-allergy treatment may be effective in the recovery and outcome of otitis media with effusion.

The treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation (PSAF) remains a challenge for electrophysiologists. Nowadays, isolation of the pulmonary veins (PVI) is a routinely applied, well proven and accepted intervention. Despite this, some patients are in refractory atrial fibrillation (AF) even after 2 or more procedures. Others are unable to receive another catheter ablation due to previous cardiac interventions. The Convergent procedure might be a good option for this type of patients. Here we report on two of these cases from our clinic: one of a female patient who underwent a TAVI procedure in our institution 3 months before the epicardial Ablation and the second old male patient with paroxysmal AF who underwent percutaneous transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in 2015 after having an embolic stroke. These two cases show that the staged Convergent procedure can be performed safely and with good results even in patient who underwent previous cardiac interventions. In addition, it might be a good alternative in patients in whom a primary transcatheter ablation is impossible due to previous pathologies and interventions.

Background: Children with allergic symptoms tend to have behavioral or emotional problems. However, previous studies on this association did not control for factors such as parenting stress, demographic characteristics, or allergy presentation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood allergic symptoms and behavioral problems, adjusted for confounders such as demographic characteristics, parenting stress, and allergy-related variables. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional survey among caregivers of children aged 2-6 years (n=633). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) score was used as the primary measure of children’s behavioral characteristics. Data on history of wheezing, eczema, and rhinitis were collected from the children’s caregivers, using a standardized questionnaire, based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Associations were estimated using logistic regression analyses with propensity score to adjust for confounding factors. Results: Univariate analyses showed that history of wheezing was associated with conduct problems, a behavioral component of the SDQ. History of eczema was also associated with hyperactivity. Furthermore, nose symptoms were associated with conduct and emotional problems. After adjusting for potential confounders, history of wheezing (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.75) and nose symptoms (adjusted OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.05-2.34) remained associated with increased risk of conduct problems. Conclusions: This study revealed that history of wheezing and rhinitis in children are associated with increased risk of behavioral problems, in particular, that of conduct problems. This evidence may inform future research into childhood allergy symptoms and their behavioral problems.

A document by Selvakumar Subbian, written on Authorea.

Renal denervation (RDN) is a novel percutaneous procedure that reduces the sympathetic activity to the atria and the systemic blood pressure, both of which can potentially decrease atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) via radiofrequency or cryoablation is performed in treatment-refractory patients with atrial fibrillation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the effects of RDN on AF recurrences with PVI vs. isolated PVI. We searched PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar database from January 01, 2005, to January 01, 2020, for randomized control trials (RCTs) that compared the PVI for atrial fibrillation treatment with or without RDN. The primary endpoint was freedom from AF recurrence with a follow-up period of 12 months. We selected 5 RCTs comprising a total of 496 patients (249 in RDN+PVI arm and 246 in PVI only arm). RevMan Version 5.3 Copenhagen was used to calculate the relative risk (RR) of dichotomous data using a random-effects model for our review and analysis. The use of RDN in addition to PVI lead significantly more patients who were free from AF recurrence compared to PVI alone at 12 months (173 vs. 119; RR=2.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.59–4.59, p=0.0002, I2=36%). The analysis showed a significant benefit of RDN addition to PVI in reducing the AF recurrence. This is an interesting finding which needs further investigation to evaluate the safety of concomitant RDN and PVI and effect on long-term survival.