The spatial pattern is critical for understanding the plant population status. The distribution patterns of endangered plants are more vulnerable to intraspecific, interspecific, and environmental factors. Tetracentron sinense Oliver, a tertiary relict plant, the spatial pattern, and its influencing factors are poorly understood. We sought to figure out the spatial pattern of T. sinense and the factors responsible for this pattern. We utilized the point pattern, ordinary kriging, and canonical correlation analysis to identify distribution patterns, spatial interactions, and environmental factors. The results revealed that T. sinense individuals were highly aggregated, at a small scale. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between young and adult trees at smaller scales. In addition, the dominant species showed a positive correlation with T. sinense; the correlation gradually became non-significant or negative as the scale increased. Furthermore, the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of T. sinense were air humidity, altitude, litter depth, and potassium content. These results highlighted the importance of intra- and interspecific interaction and environmental factors for the spatial distribution of T. sinense. Our results provide new insights into endangered species’ spatial patterns and main factors. Moreover, these findings have relevant implications for conserving and managing endangered trees in a constantly fragmented habitat.

A document by Xuejiao Ding. Click on the document to view its contents.

Background: Identification of biomarkers is required for a systems medicine approach and personalized treatment in AD. These biomarkers may not only aid in diagnosing but also might be suitable to predict the effectiveness of targeted treatment. Objective: We aimed to identify proteomic, microbial, and miRNA biomarkers in atopic dermatitis patients and investigated their course in relation to the clinical response upon anti-IL-4Rα therapy. Methods: Proteomic and miRNA screening was performed in AD patients in comparison to healthy controls. Differentially regulated serum proteins, miRNA, and selected skin microbiota were measured consecutively in 50 AD patients before and upon systemic dupilumab treatment. A random forest classifier was used to predict the outcome of dupilumab therapy based on the initial biomarker patterns. Results: We identified 27 proteomic candidates, miRNA, and 3 microbial strains to be dysregulated in AD. Besides the well-known chemokine CCL17 other proteins i.e., CCL13, CCL22, E-selectin and BDNF were differently regulated and significantly associated with treatment response. By contrast neither the microbial changes nor the miRNA pattern were found to be associated with treatment response upon dupilumab treatment. Conclusion: AD patients display defined dysregulations regarding their systemic proteomic serum profile, miRNA patterns, and their skin microbiome. The proteomic profile and selekted skin bacteria changed profoundly upon anti-IL-4Rα therapy which was associated with an overall clinical response. This was not seen in miRNA-related biomarkers. Our findings support the hypothesis that biomarker profiles reflect treatment responses and may in the future be used to develop a personalized medicine approach for the treatment of atopic dermatitis patients.

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an immune-mediated antigen-triggered inflammatory disease of the esophagus. Our aim was to investigate inflammatory responses by a new ex vivo biopsy provocation-based method, stimulating biopsies with food extracts, possible antigens. METHODS: An experimental study was conducted on esophageal biopsies from children who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Supernatants were collected before and after stimulation of the biopsies with food extracts and analyzed for inflammatory markers, as was also blood and saliva. The biopsies were also stained for histological analyzes. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients, median age of 12 years, were included. Of the 45 markers analyzed, three had significant differences between controls and patients with active EoE, Granzyme B, (GzmB), IL-1ra and CXCL8 (p < 0.05). Levels of GzmB were higher, and levels of IL-1ra were lower in EoE active patients compared to controls and EoE in remission both at baseline and after food extract stimulation. CXCL8 increased in active EoE compared to controls after stimulation. GzmB-positive cells were histologically demonstrated in biopsies from patients with active EoE in contrast to control and EoE remission. CONCLUSIONS: The levels of the barrier-damaging protease GzmB were increased in the supernatant both before and after stimulation with food extract ex vivo in patients with active EoE, using a new method and observed histologically in biopsies from patients with active EoE. The presence of the barrier damaging GzmB in EoE active patients may be a guide for future studies in the pathology of EoE.

The colorless polyimide (CPI) has been drawn much attention for its application in transparent electronics, such as the camera under panel (CUP) in organic light-emitting diode display (OLED) display which required a high transmittance (Tr%). The high temperature (even to 450℃) process of the preparation of OLED device may have huge challenges on the properties of CPI, so we designed a series of aging test experiments to study the influence of test temperature and atmosphere on the Tr% of CPI films with structure of Glass/SiO2/CPI/SiO2. With the increasing of aging temperate from 430℃ to 450℃ and 470℃, the Tr% of the film decrease obvious, especially responding the wavelength from 400nm to 600nm. The samples with aging test all had a low Tr% than the sample without aging. Comparing with the sample without aging, the loss transmission were 0.22%, 1.42% and 4.82% for the films aging with 430℃, 450℃ and 470℃ in N2 atmosphere, respectively. Meanwhile, the influence of aging atmosphere on the Tr% was also researched with nitrogen and air. The film aging with nitrogen had a higher Tr% than that aging with air, the loss transmission were 1.22% and 1.42% compared with the sample without aging test.

Objectives: In this study, we explain the role of respiratory support by proposing aHRSR, a sound stimulation to prevent imbalance of ANS due to dynamic movement. The function and role of aHRSR was analyzed through the time and frequency domain of HRV using PPG data of 22 participants (DUIRB-202109-12). Method: Changes in the ANS were confirmed using SDNN and LF, which represent total ANS activity, and the correlation between the stimulation effect of aHRSR and respiration was analyzed using RMSSD and HF, which included parasympathetic nervous system and respiratory frequency. Results : As an effect of aHRSR on dynamic movement, the recovery time of RR interval was advanced by about 15 seconds, SDNN increased from 44.16 to 47.85 ms, and RMSSD increased from 23.73 to 31.89 ms, increasing the stability of the ANS and reducing instability. Also, by reducing the change rate of LF from -13.83 to -8.83 % and the rate of change of HF from 10.59% to 3.27%, the effect of homeostasis of the ANS according to aHRSR is also shown. In other words, aHRSR decreased HF including respiratory energy and increased RMSSD generated during stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system. Conclusions : These results suggest that aHRSR can stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system with minimal changes in breathing by assisting breathing that occurs during dynamic movement.

The ego-depletion effect has been interpreted as a temporary failure of self-control exertion after a first effortful task (Baumeister et al., 2007). Although the existence of this effect was previously challenged (Vohs et al., 2021), it was successfully replicated in a recent study applying an adequate experimental protocol (Mangin et al., 2021). In the present experiment, we applied a similar protocol while assessing the electrophysiological changes in effort engagement through mid-frontal theta and cardiac reactivity (Cavanagh & Frank, 2014; Mukherjee et al., 2011). A total of 32 participants in a between-subjects design performed the following task sequence: handgrip task at 13% of maximal voluntary contraction, a 30-min mental task (depleting or control task) and the handgrip task again (dependent task). The experimental group (N = 16) performed a modified Stroop task, while the control group (N = 16) watched an emotionally neutral documentary. EEG and ECG were recorded on a continuous basis. We assumed to observe an increase in the electrophysiological correlates of mental effort during the depleting task and a performance decrement in the subsequent dependent task. For the depleting condition, the behavioral results showed worse performance in the subsequent dependent task and the EEG results showed higher mid-frontal theta power. Heart-rate variability results showed an increase in parasympathetic activity over time during the depleting task. Therefore, the ego-depletion effect was once again successfully replicated. The depleting task required more mental effort than the control task, but a slight decrease in effort engagement over time was also observed.

Ntšhe, a Setswana name for sweet reeds, a sweet sorghum variety ( Sorghum bicolor (L)) is a commercial crop consumed as a delicacy in enormous quantities in Botswana and in southern Africa at large. Pre and post-harvest losses due to infestation by larval stages of stem borer moths, Chilo partellus often lead to severe financial losses as consumers condemn the worm-infested sweet reeds as unpalatable, “ Mo gase ntšhe tota tota” (this is not a sweet reed). Valorisation of condemned sweet reeds is one attractive route to reduce economic losses. Here, we took advantage of our understanding of yeast-insect interactions to isolate yeasts associated with larval stages of the stem borer moths and investigated their potential for production of an alcoholic sweet reed beverage. We isolated 33 yeast strains representing from the galleries and frass as well as from the guts of the larval moths. Assessment of their ability to ferment the simplest sugar, glucose, resulted in identification of 14 strains belonging to Hanseniaspora and Candida genera. These strains were further assessed for their capacity to ferment by calculating the rate of accumulation of carbon dioxide and ethanol when grown in the principal sugars found in sweet sorghum juice as sole carbon sources as well in sweet sorghum juice. In addition, as an industrially relevant trait, we tested the potential of the strains to tolerate brewing/fermentation-associated stresses. Furthermore, we assessed the aromatic complexity of the produced beverage. Our results suggest that non-conventional yeasts associated with the larval moths have potential for valorization of condemned sweet sorghum stalks to produce a sweet sorghum beverage.

This study aims to examine the transformation of professions and business processes in the future with the development and increase of artificial intelligence applications. Meanwhile, the study is addressed from the perspective of how this situation is evaluated by artificial intelligence itself. Within the scope of the study, semi-structured interview technique was used. The interviews were conducted with chatbots named ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing and Google Bard. These chatbots are among the most important representatives of the point where artificial intelligence has reached today. For this reason, it was deemed appropriate to conduct interviews with ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing and Google Bard in the research and their views on the future of artificial intelligence were evaluated. In this regard, the research differs from other studies in the literature. According to the research findings, it has been inferred that business processes and business models will definitely undergo a transformation in the future, some of the current professions will disappear in the future, and some professions with certain competencies will gain importance. In addition, individual, organizational and global recommendations are presented and what ought to be done to adapt changing conditions of the future mentioned.

At present, Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women around the world. This cancer develops in the cervix, which is the entrance to the uterus. This paper proposes a deep learning method for detecting cervix cancer from colposcopy images. Colposcopy is one of the significant stages in the clinical screening of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and early cervical disease. The proposed methodology consists of the following stages as bilateral pre-processing, semantic segmentation for segmenting overlapped nuclei, Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) feature extraction and classification. The network uses a hybrid structure that combines a CNN as well as a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) to categorise cervical cancer as benign or malignant. Based on the confusion matrix obtained for the proposed classifier, performance parameters (recall, specificity, precision, and accuracy) were analysed. The results showed an accuracy of 98.3%, a recall of 99%, precision 99.0% and a specificity of 98%. The experimental results show that our proposed method (CNN-BLSTM) yields better accuracy than the other existing methods.

This paper aims to address the challenges faced in selecting the most suitable oil and gas (OG) well alternative for stimulation operations to improve production and recovery possibilities in hydrocarbon reservoirs. To achieve this, a novel combination of multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) models has been proposed, and an illustrative study has been carried out in Iranian hydrocarbon reservoirs. Fourteen criteria based on engineering and managerial perspectives have been identified, and the appropriate weights of these criteria have been determined using a novel interval-valued spherical fuzzy (IVSF) entropy method. Four fuzzy ranking algorithms have been established to select the proper well, and the achieved results have been combined using the Borda method. To evaluate the robustness of experimental results, a sensitivity analysis has been implemented. The proposed method not only enhances the accuracy of OG reservoir selection but also reduces the risk associated with conventional economic predictions for carbonate reservoirs by considering the influencing factors of the development process. Overall, this paper offers an efficient and effective approach for selecting the best OG well alternative in the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), which can be valuable for both managerial and technical perspectives in the oil and gas sector.

Background: Assessment of kidney function in emergency settings is essential across all medical subspecialties. Daily assessment of patient creatinine result from emergency medical services showed that some creatinine results apparently deviated from expected creatinine values implying occurrence of drug-related interferences. Methods: Real-time head-to-head clinical evaluation of an enzyme method (Roche CREP2) in comparison to Jaffé gen. 2 method (Roche CREJ2) was performed. During the period of December 2022 and January 2023 we analyzed 8498 patient specimens where 5524 were heavily medicated STAT patient specimens, 500 were pediatric specimens and 2474 specimens were from a distant general population in a different region using the same methods. Results: About 5 percent of hospital specimens having patient history showed apparent drops of creatinine concentrations by the enzyme method against the compensated Jaffé method. Suspect medication was found in 43 out of 46 reviewed patients where medication data were allowed for review. A general patient cohort showed no drops of concentrations measured by the enzyme method. Pediatric hospital cohort showed 6 drops out of 500 total measurements. Conclusions: Pharmacotherapy-induced inaccuracies with enzyme creatinine methods imply the need for proper method validations in the relevant patient population such as emergency hospital setting and may facilitate introduction of cystatin C to emergency medicine clinical practice as suitable creatinine alternate biomarker.

Since fibroids are known to be hormonally receptive tumors, it is biologically plausible that fibroids decrease in size after menopause. Patients may opt for more conservative therapy or expectant management if fibroid growth could be predicted[1](#ref-0001). Studies assessing fibroid growth in premenopausal patients have shown that individual tumors in a single uterus grow at different rates and can grow consistently or in short bursts 2. These variations and the unknown effect of natural menopause make patient counseling difficult. Studies that include only symptomatic menopausal patients or those undergoing treatment can result in selection bias towards fibroids that are increasing in size 3,4. The objective of our study was to estimate fibroid growth course before and after menopause among women not specifically seeking fibroid treatment. Our hypothesis was that fibroid growth would decline after menopause.

Title: Pre-Post Pilot Study: Investigating the Role of Rectovaginal Contamination in Laparoscopic Hysterectomy-Related Infectious Morbidity

Objectives: To determine obstetrical complications in the first ongoing pregnancy following surgical management of women with Asherman syndrome (AS) Design: A cohort study conducyed between January 2010 and December 2020 with a minimal follow-up of 1 year. Setting: Study was conducted in the Asherman Expertise Center a referral center for women with AS. Population: women with a pregnancy and delivery after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for AS Methods: Obstetrical outcomes were assessed using a follow up questionnaire and obstetrical complications data on the delivery were collected from the patients’ hospital records. Mean Outcome Measures: Obsterical outcome in women with AS such as premature delivery, small for gestational age placenta complications postpartum problem. Results: We included 425 patients with a first pregnancy of at least 20 weeks after AS treatment. 407 living children were born, and there were 16 perinatal death (including 1 set of twins, 3.3%) and 2 terminations of pregnancy (0.5%). Of these women 21.8 % had a premature delivery, 17% had a baby who was small for gestational age. Of all women, 17.8% had a placenta complication and 50.6 % had a postpartum problem. These numbers were worse among women who had a postpartum procedure as a cause of AS, as 83% of them had postpartum complications, 33% a premature delivery and 27% placenta complications. Overall, 53% of women with a first trimester procedure and 85% of women with a postpartum procedure preceding AS had a severe adverse obstetric outcome. Conclusions : After successful adhesiolysis of women with AS, pregnancy should be considered medium to high risk for complications during pregnancy and postpartum, especially among women who had a postpartum procedure in their medical history.

Objective: To investigate Colony-Forming Unit (CFU) reduction on contaminated flexible endoscopes without a working channel after UV-C light disinfection compared to the current disinfection method with the Endoscope Washer Disinfector. Design, setting: After pharyngolaryngoscopy, a manual pre-cleaning with tap water was performed. A culture was then collected by rolling the distal 8-10 cm of the flexible endoscope over an Agar plate. The flexible endoscope was disinfected using the D60 (60-second disinfection process with UV-C light) or the Endoscope Washer Disinfector (golden standard reprocessing process with water and chemicals). Another culture was then taken. After incubation, a CFU count was performed. Results: Two hundred flexible endoscopes without a working channel were divided equally between the two disinfection groups. After clinical use and manual pre-cleaning, 84 of the 100 (84.0%) (UV-C light group) and 79 of the 100 (79.0%) (EWD) flexible endoscopes were contaminated with at least 1 CFU. Flexible endoscopes that showed no contamination after use were excluded from further analysis. After disinfection with UV-C light, 72 (85.7%) flexible endoscopes showed no contamination (i.e. 0 CFUs) versus 66 (83.5%) flexible endoscopes after reprocessing with the Endoscope Washer Disinfector. Conclusion: There is no difference in CFUs reduction on contaminated flexible endoscopes without a working channel between UV-C light disinfection and the current gold standard, the Endoscope Washer Disinfector.

Road traffic management is a critical component of intelligent city administration. Traffic congestion may be efficiently addressed by precisely calculating the number of vehicles likely to pass through a busy intersection ahead of time. The system can predict vehicle counts far before reaching the targeted traffic intersection by using image processing and techniques. Furthermore, monitoring data may be transferred through the internet to a remote-control hub situated anywhere in the city. The technology integrates seamlessly with existing traffic control systems, capturing vehicle pictures using strategically placed cameras. These photos are then analyzed using image processing techniques to count the cars properly. The data collected is sent to a centralized administration system for real-time monitoring and traffic analysis. Furthermore, the system optimizes traffic signal timings and provides drivers with real-time information, resulting in considerable congestion reduction, enhanced traffic flow, and important traffic management insights.

Background The treatment strategy for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) aims to promote a reduction in the number of cases that develop into TB and, consequently, a reduction in the transmission of pathogenic bacteria. Objectives The objective was to know the safety, effectiveness and adherence of the use of INH in two pharmaceutical presentations (300mg or 100mg tablet) reported in scientific studies. Methods A review protocol was registered a priori with PROSPERO (number CRD42020176694). The electronic databases Cochrane; PubMed; Embase; LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies on use of INH for LTBI. The results and methods were presented in line with the PRISMA guidelines, and the methodological quality of the included reviews was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Results Most of the studies used isoniazid (H) as a treatment for LTBI, with a duration of 9 months. There was significant variation in the of use of isoniazid, ranging from 0.3% to 98.6% of the participants. A similar variation was found in the 52 studies that similarly presented the rate of adherence to treatment with H, which ranged from 18% to 100% among study participants completing INH treatment for LTBI. In studies, the adverse events reported most frequent events reported were included hepatotoxicity, gastric intolerance, and neuropathy, the rates of occurrence of these with isoniazid, rang from < 1% to 48%. In the studies that evaluated effectiveness of isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection, a variation from 0 to 19.7% of people who did not have active TB after the follow-up period was observed, with the highest rate among HIV-positive individuals. Conclusion Our findings indicate that isoniazid is being widely used in the world as a prophylactic treatment for tuberculosis, rates of adherence to isoniazid were above 50%. It is important to emphasize the importance of keeping the follow-up of the person who uses isoniazid due to the risk of developing unwanted events resulting from the drug. Even with treatment challenges, we identified low rates of people who used isoniazid and developed active tuberculosis during the period they were followed. We believe that isoniazid continues to contribute to tuberculosis control in the world and better care actions are needed.

INTRODUCTIONTrisomy 9 is a rare genetic alteration that represents 2.7% of all trisomies. (1,2,7) It was reported for the first time in 1973 by Feingold and Atkins, through the study of lymphocytes in the blood of a male newborn, with multiple congenital anomalies (4,5). Complete gain of chromosome 9 has a fatal prognosis and usually results in first trimester miscarriage. (2) However, in exceptional cases, pregnancies that reach term die in the early neonatal period (4).From the cytogenetic point of view, cases of trisomy 9 present completely, which is not mosaicism, or in a state of mosaicism. The spectrum of this syndrome, in addition to trisomy 9, includes partial trisomies of the short arm 9p, of the long arm 9q, mosaicisms, mosaicisms confined to the placenta and pseudo mosaicisms. (4,5). In the case of trisomy 9, most correspond to de novo mutations. Mosaicisms are related to balanced rearrangement mutations (5). However, phenotypic heterogeneity, as well as the incidence and severity of associated malformations, are directly related to the variable size of the duplicated segment and the frequent concomitant monosomy (2,3,4,6).Most of the cases of trisomy 9 reported in the literature occurred in women under 35 years of age, which makes evident the usefulness of screening for congenital anomalies, even in low-risk populations (1,2). Fetal screening in the first and second trimesters allows early detection of fetal structural abnormalities associated with genetic alterations. In this way, it offers the opportunity to advise the patient, with the aim of carrying out early interventions regarding the prenatal prognosis and postnatal management, even if it is available and for this specific case, the interruption of the pregnancy. (1)(6).This chromosomal abnormality is characterized by a constellation of multiple phenotypic abnormalities that mainly involve craniofacial, central nervous system, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and genitourinary abnormalities (1,4,5,7). The main structural anatomical alterations include, for ultrasound screening at 11-13.6 weeks, an increase in the thickness of nuchal translucency (1), then microcephaly and brachycephaly become evident, fontanelles and wide cranial sutures, bulbous nose, lip and cleft palate, short nasolabial fold , hypertelorism, micro-retrognathia, short and wide neck and low implantation of the ears. In the central nervous system, it is common to find associated Dandy Walker Malformation characterized by hydrocephalus, alterations in the development of the cerebellar vermis and ventriculomegaly (4,2). At the cardiovascular level, it is common to find ventricular septal defects, cardiomegaly, valvular dysplasia or even the right aortic arch. Regarding the musculoskeletal system, camptodactyly, clubfoot , hypoplasia or agenesis of the fingers and nails of the hands and feet (4), and dislocation of the hip or knees can be found. In genitourinary organs, horseshoe kidney, renal hypoplasia or dysplasia as well as renal cysts, short penis or bicornuate uterus become evident . Other case reports include abnormal lung lobulation, malrotation, hypoplasia or agenesis of the gallbladder and biliary tract, and hypoplasia of the adrenal gland. In addition, this pathology incorporates within its recognition pattern growth restriction, low birth weight and delayed neurological development. (2,7) Other authors mention that, when faced with elevated serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein in the context of trisomy 9, the finding of spina bifida should be ruled out (1). Serum markers such as the free fraction of BhCG and PAPP-A are found to be decreased in concentration in trisomies 9 and 18. In addition, different abnormal phenotypic findings overlap in both chromosomopathies; however, the genetic study can discern the final diagnosis (1,4).

The Role of multidetector CT scan in the Management of Prosthetic Aortic Valve thrombosis: A Case Report.Sheriff N Dodoo, MD1; Christelle Yakana Moyine, MD2; Alicia Agyemang-Sarpong3; Abdullah Ismail, MD2; Nina Le, DO2; Falgun Patel, MD4; Nima Ghasemzadeh, MD4; Ronnie Ramadan, MD4; Khaja Salahuddin Mohammed, MD4; Glen Henry, MD4; Ioannis Parastatidis, MD PHD5Georgia Heart Institute, Northeast Georgia Medical Center, 743 Spring Street NE, Gainesville, GA 30501, U.S.A. Email: sheriff.dodoo@gmail.comDepartment of Internal Medicine, Northeast Georgia Medical Center, 743 Spring Street NE, Gainesville, GA 30501, U.S.A.Postgraduate Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USAGeorgia Heart Institute, Interventional Cardiology, Northeast Georgia Medical Center 200 S Enota Dr NE, Gainesville, GA 30501, U.S.A.Georgia Heart Institute, Northeast Georgia Medical Center 100 S Enota Dr NE, Gainesville, GA 30501, U.S.A.

Title: ‘Hydropneumothorax as a Rare Complication of Secondary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: A Case Report’Prakash Sapkota, Bhuwan Thapa, Aseem Bhattarai, Sujata Chalise, Sajana K C, Ashish TamangAbstract :We present a case of a young man who presented with cough and shortness of breath for two weeks with peripheral eosinophilia of unknown cause leading to left-sided pleural effusion. He was initially administered antiparasitic drugs (Ivermectin and Praziquantel). After one week the patient presented with an acute increase in SOB and was diagnosed with bilateral hydropneumothorax. A bilateral pigtail was inserted. Pleural fluid analysis was done which was purulent with lymphocyte predominance and high adenosine deaminase. The patient was treated with anti-tubercular therapy and steroids. After six months of therapy, the patient was asymptomatic. The hypereosinophilic syndrome can be presented in several ways and this study presented in a distinct way via hydropneumothorax.

Objective: Partial patients diagnosed with CIN2 on biopsy include CIN3 +.To compare the histopathological results before and after conization of CIN2 for exploring stratified management for CIN2 in women aged ≥25 years. Design: A observational retrospective study. Setting: China. Population: 307 women aged 19~40 years diagnosed as CIN2 on biopsy with cervical squamocolumnar junction visible. Methods: Compared immediate conization specimen histopathology with the biopsy histopathology,and explored the risk factors to predict CIN3 + in cone histopathology. Main outcome measures: Cone-histopathology-grading rate of CIN2. Risk factors predicting cone histopathology upgrading. Constructing an individualized algorithm for CIN2 stratified management using risk factors. Results: the cone-histopathology-upgrading rate of CIN2 was 22.5%(including one case of cervical microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma).In univariable analysis: age, HPV16/18, HSIL cytology were high-risk factors of cone histopathology upgrading(CIN3 +)(P<0.05). In multivariable analysis: HPV16/18(OR 2.399,[95%CI 1.326-4.338]) and HSIL cytology(OR 3.295,[95%CI 1.622-6.692]) were independently risk factors. Conclusion: CIN2 patients aged ≥25 years were with a higher proportion of CIN3 + and stratified treatment should be considered.Patients with HPV16/18 infection and HSIL cytology owned the highest rate of CIN3 + in the rest cervix,surgical treatment should be taken. For those with HPV16/18 infecton and ASCUS/LSIL cytology, or other high-risk HPV infection and HSIL cytology were with a relatively higher proportion of CIN3 +, treatment should be individualized. However, for patients with HPV16/18 infection and NILM cytology or other high-risk HPV infection and ASCUS/LSIL cytology, the risk of CIN3 + was relatively low,conservative treatment should be taken.

Understanding the accumulation rule of nutrients is crucial to promote the production of Camellia Oleifera. The stoichiometry of soil microelements is more critical than their content in affecting the growth and yield of plants. However, research on C. Oleifera in these aspects is limited. In this study, we examined microelement content in soil and various parts of the C. oleifera plant and analysed the relationship between the bioaccumulation, distribution, and production of plant trace elements with the stoichiometry of soil trace elements. Our findings indicated that high-yield plants transported more Ca, Mg, and B to the shoot, while low-yield plants stored higher Fe, Zn, and Al in the root. The significantly lower bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor of B and Mg in the high-yield plants highlighted the importance of nutrient storage in promoting C. Oleifera yield. Multiple regression analysis and the Mantel test demonstrated that plant yield and bioaccumulation and transportation of trace elements were more closely correlated with the stoichiometry of trace elements than their content. The significantly different stoichiometry of trace elements in soil of different yields revealed that the stoichiometry of trace elements was more sensitive and reliable in reflecting the balance in soil nutrients of C. oleifera and regulating its growth. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the balance in soil trace elements and their relationship with the growth of C. oleifera and highlights the critical role of the stoichiometry of soil trace elements in promoting high and stable production of C. Oleifera.

COVID-19 infection is still a mystery in terms of its long-term effect on health and its consequences on hematological disorders. In this article, we are presenting two cases of pediatric B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with a previous history of COVID-19 infection. Notably, in both the cases the fluorescence-in situ hybridization (FISH) studies showed pathologic alteration of the RUNX1 gene. The finding of this genetic alteration along with known pre-leukemic translocation ETV6-RUNX1, opens a door for further exploration of the “second-hit” hypothesis regarding an infectious agent precipitating development of B-ALL in a genetically susceptible individual.