To Do and Notice 
Notice the areas of the globe that are in shadow. The same places on the earth are experiencing night. As the day progresses the shadow on your globe will change, so will the shadow on the real globe.
After ten minutes feel the temperatures of your globe. The point on the globe that is directly in line between the sun and the center of the globe (called the sub solar point) will be hottest. As you move away from the sub solar point the temperature of the surface of the globe will decrease. The same is true on the real earth. The sub solar point is always within 23.5 degrees of the equator where it is hot at noon, while the poles tend to be cooler, even when they are in the summer sun.
Notice that the night side of the earth globe, which is in shadow, is cooler than the day side which is in sun.
Notice that the Polar Regions feel cooler than the tropics. Sunlight hits the surface near the poles at a glancing angle.
Notice that in the northern hemisphere summer the arctic pole is in sunlight while the Antarctic pole is in shadow.
What's Going On?
The shadow on your globe is the same as the shadow of the earth because you have precisely lined up your globe and the earth. The axis of rotation of your globe is parallel to the axis of rotation of the earth.