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\begin{document}

\title{Assessing precipitation over the Amazon basin as simulated by a
storm-resolving model}



\author[1]{Laura Paccini}%
\author[1]{Bjorn Stevens}%
\affil[1]{Max Planck Institute for Meteorology}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 16, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
In this study we investigate whether a better representation of
precipitation in the Amazon basin arises through an explicit
representation of convection and whether it is related to the
representation of organized systems. In addition to satellite data, we
use ensemble simulations of the ICON-NWP model at storm-resolving
(2.5-5.0 km) scales with explicit convection (E-CON) and coarse
resolutions, with parameterized convection (P-CON). The main
improvements in the representation of Amazon precipitation by E-CON are
in the distribution of precipitation intensity and the spatial
distribution in the diurnal cycle. By isolating precipitation from
organized convective systems (OCS), it is shown that many of the well
simulated precipitation features in the Amazon arise from the
distribution of these systems. The simulated and observed OCS are
classified into 6 clusters which distinguish nocturnal and diurnal OCS.
While the E-CON ensembles capture the OCS, especially their diurnal
cycle, their frequency is reduced compared to observations. Diurnal
clusters are influenced by surface processes such as cold pools, which
aid to the propagation of OCS. Nocturnal clusters are rather associated
with strong low-level easterlies, possibly related to the Amazonian
low-level jet. These particular environmental conditions provide
insights on the processes that are important for OCS in the Amazon and
should be further improved.%
\end{abstract}%



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