Initially simulations of heat transfer and fluid flow for the casting
process is performed without electromagnetic stirrer. Then MHD module in
ANSYS FLUENT is activated and a sinusoidal magnetic flux density 0.1 T
and frequency 10 Hz is applied at the location of stirrer. This stirrer
is having a length 100 mm in vertical direction and it is placed at
various vertical locations of the mold. It is placed at 100, 300, 500
and 700 mm from the level of meniscus Figure 2. The electromagnetic
field is applied separately in horizontal and vertical directions and is
called H-EMS and V-EMS respectively for the rest of the paper.

After the boundary conditions and magnetic field are applied to the
domain inside the mold, it is simulated with initial room temperature
300 K. As the simulation is transient an initial time step size of
0.0001 s and 20 iterations for each time step are used to find the
converged time dependent solution. Then the time step size is gradually
increased to 0.001 s. The optimum grid size is found from convergence
test. The transient simulation is assumed to reach steady state at the
end of 200 s of flow time. The time taken for this simulation up to
steady state for each case on an 8 GB RAM and 2.30 GHz processor is
about 7 days.