Numerical Modeling
A model is prepared to best
represent the cast of the continuously casting process, which is simple
enough to numerically evaluate the effect of EMS on the process.
The following assumptions are made in this work:
- The continuous casting strand is considered as straight and vertical
for numerical computation.
- The liquid steel is considered to be a homogeneous incompressible
Newtonian fluid.
- A 2D model is analyzed for the sake memory requirements and solution
time.
- The material properties such as density, viscosity, thermal
conductivity, heat transfer coefficient, specific heat and latent heat
are assumed as constant and are independent of temperature.
The governing theories for flow of the fluid, its phase interaction and
ensuing solidification after its filling of the mold for this problem
are discussed below.
Multiphase modeling
The liquid steel is treated as an interpenetrating continua where the
volume of primary phase (air) is not penetrated by secondary phase
(steel). The tracking of each phase is calculated using volume fraction
(\(\alpha\)) which is evaluated explicitly with the following
expression: