Environment description
The 12 environmental conditions were described by the daily climatic
parameters recorded until the end of flowering of the
4th truss. Seven environmental covariates were
selected, and the environments clustered according to these covariates
in four groups (Figure 1). The first group included all trials from
Morocco that were characterized by high thermal amplitude and low Vpd.
The control environments in France (Avi12 and Avi17) clustered together
in the 2nd group, defined by low maximal temperatures
and high relative humidity. HIs14 clustered alone in the
4th group and formed the most extreme environment
showing very high temperatures and dry climate with low relative
humidity. The remaining environments clustered together in the
3rd and most disparate group.
Phenotypic distributions were plotted for each trait regarding the
environments where it was evaluated (Supplemental Figure 2) showing a
distribution in accordance with the clustering of the environments for
some traits (firm, height, nflw and leaf). Other traits such as FW, nfr,
SSC and fset showed a distribution pattern with relatively high
within-group variability, notably for environments clustering in group 1
from Morocco.