Background
Venous thrombo-embolic disease (VTE) is a common condition with an estimated annual incidence of 1-2 / 1000 persons [1]. Its incidence has remained stable during the last decade [1]. VTE is related to a mortality rate estimated between 20 and 25% at 5 years and is considered as a chronic multifactorial pathology [2]. Indeed, it involves many risk factors which can be classified as constitutional or acquired, transitory or persistent. Consensually, inherited thrombophilia (IT) screening includes testing for both natural inhibitor (antithrombin (AT), protein C (PC) and protein S (PS)) deficiencies and polymorphisms of factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutation. It is currently admitted that IT increases the risk of a first thrombotic event. Indeed it is found in 50% of patients with VTE [3]. So far, it has provided an explanation for VTE and justified indefinite anticoagulation to prevent recurrences after treatment withdrawal [4]. However, according to more recent data, impact of thrombophlia on the risk of recurrence is unclear [5]. Recent guidelines did not consider thrombophilia in therapeutic management of VTE. Consequently, guidelines from the American college of chest physicians (ACCP) [6] do not include thrombophilia in the treatment duration. For others such as the European society of Cardiology (ESC) [7] and the national Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) [8], the assessment of thrombophilia can modulate the treatment duration in selected situations. In the absence of a clear consensus in clinical practice, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of IT on therapeutic decisions and on predicting the risk of VTE recurrence.