2.5 Imaging processing and analysis
Imaging post-processing was performed using FIJI (Schindelin et al., 2012), InkScape 0.91 (https://inkscape.org), and MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox (Mathworks, Natick, Massachusetts, USA, www.mathworks.com). Simplified biofilm geometries were created and input into the model (see SI). The displacements of biofilms in both experiments and modeling were obtained using digital image correlation (DIC) (see SI). The DIC code was modified from Eberl et al. (2006). The relative error between the experimental and modeling results was calculated as\(\frac{\Sigma(\left|D_{m}-D_{e}\right|)}{\Sigma(D_{e})}\times 100\%\ \)by a summation of every second data for the three tracking lines (shown in Fig. 7 and 9), where Dm is the displacement in the model and De is the displacement in the experiment.