\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{breakcites}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{hyphenat}





\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage[colorlinks = true,
            linkcolor = blue,
            urlcolor  = blue,
            citecolor = blue,
            anchorcolor = blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{\unvbox\@outputbox}{}{%
  \errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}%
}%
\makeatother


\usepackage{natbib}




\renewenvironment{abstract}
  {{\bfseries\noindent{\abstractname}\par\nobreak}\footnotesize}
  {\bigskip}

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{*3}{*1}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{*2}{*0.5}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{*1.5}{0pt}


\usepackage{authblk}


\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[space]{grffile}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabulary}
\usepackage{booktabs,array,multirow}
\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb}
\providecommand\citet{\cite}
\providecommand\citep{\cite}
\providecommand\citealt{\cite}
% You can conditionalize code for latexml or normal latex using this.
\newif\iflatexml\latexmlfalse
\providecommand{\tightlist}{\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}%

\AtBeginDocument{\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.PDF,.eps,.EPS,.png,.PNG,.tif,.TIF,.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[greek,english]{babel}



\usepackage{float}








\begin{document}

\title{Topological electrogustometry and chemogustometry surrogate markers of
age-related gustatory decline in humans}



\author[1]{Pavlos Pavlidis}%
\author[2]{Gregor Schittek}%
\author[3]{Athanasios Saratziotis}%
\author[4]{Maria Ferfeli}%
\author[5]{Georgios Kekes}%
\author[6]{Haralampos Gouveris}%
\affil[1]{General Hospital of Thessaloniki G Papanikolaou}%
\affil[2]{Medical University of Graz}%
\affil[3]{General University Hospital of Larissa}%
\affil[4]{Αpplied Informatics, University of Macedonia, Greece}%
\affil[5]{Aristotle University of Thessaloniki}%
\affil[6]{Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital Mainz}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{March 14, 2025}


\begingroup
\let\center\flushleft
\let\endcenter\endflushleft
\maketitle
\endgroup





\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Objectives: The primary goal was to evaluate the effect of
stimulus-duration on Electrogustometry (EGM) Thrasholds, to evaluate any
gender-related influences and compare the above results to those after
application of Taste-Strips. Design: Electrogustometry (EGM) thresholds
of various stimulus duration (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 s) were measured in
212 non-smokers (age range: 10 -- 80 years, divided into 8 age groups)
without self-reported gustatory impairment. Furthermore, taste strips
chemogustometry measurements in 132 participants were performed.
Setting: Tertiary referral medical centre. Participants: 212
non-smokers, divided in 8 age-groups participated in the study. Main
outcome measures: EGM-Thresholds and taste-strips, duration of stimuli
Results: EGM-thresholds increased progressively with age and with
increase in stimulus duration from 0.5 sec up to 2 sec. This pattern was
consistent at all 6 anatomic areas, irrespective from gender. In
contrast, in chemogustometry no differences related either to age or to
gender were found. Conclusions: Age-related electrophysiological and
functional gustatory decline can be better documented by EGM than using
chemogustometry. This superiority of EGM was not influenced by stimulus
duration; nonetheless, stimulus duration should be clearly documented in
future quantitative EGM-threshold recordings, given that it may
significantly influence EGM amplitude threshold measurements.%
\end{abstract}%



\sloppy


\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Duration.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/313079/articles/443952-topological-electrogustometry-and-chemogustometry-surrogate-markers-of-age-related-gustatory-decline-in-humans}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Table 1.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/313079/articles/443952-topological-electrogustometry-and-chemogustometry-surrogate-markers-of-age-related-gustatory-decline-in-humans}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Diagram 1.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/313079/articles/443952-topological-electrogustometry-and-chemogustometry-surrogate-markers-of-age-related-gustatory-decline-in-humans}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Diagram 2.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/313079/articles/443952-topological-electrogustometry-and-chemogustometry-surrogate-markers-of-age-related-gustatory-decline-in-humans}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Diagram 3.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/313079/articles/443952-topological-electrogustometry-and-chemogustometry-surrogate-markers-of-age-related-gustatory-decline-in-humans}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Diagramm4.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/313079/articles/443952-topological-electrogustometry-and-chemogustometry-surrogate-markers-of-age-related-gustatory-decline-in-humans}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Diagramm5.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/313079/articles/443952-topological-electrogustometry-and-chemogustometry-surrogate-markers-of-age-related-gustatory-decline-in-humans}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Diagram6.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/313079/articles/443952-topological-electrogustometry-and-chemogustometry-surrogate-markers-of-age-related-gustatory-decline-in-humans}

\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

