RESULTS
Exercise and statin
effects on postprandial lipoproteins in Met Synd. In the Met Synd group
statin withdrawal increased PPTG by 65% in average (P<0.01),
with no effect of exercise. The iAUC of PP triglycerides levels in the
REST trials increased with statin withdrawal (i.e., REST+STA, 425±268 vs
REST+PLAC, 874±589 mg·dL-1; P=0.026) and in the EXER
trials (i.e., EXER+STA, 690±340 vs EXER+PLAC 857±400
mg·dL-1; P=0.049; Figure 1A). Figure 1B shows the hour
by hour PPTG response in both experimental groups in response to
treatments. In Met Synd stain reduced average PPTG concentration in EXER
trials (i.e., EXER+STA, 157±93 vs EXER+PLAC, 183±81
mg·dL-1; P=0.014) and REST group (i.e., REST+STA,
141±69 vs REST+PLAC, 180±94 mg·dL-1; P=0.045). In Met
Synd group, a bout of exercise did not affect average (AUC) PPTG.
Statins in the Met Synd group lowered blood lipid concentration (Figure
2). A reduction on total cholesterol levels was observed in response to
statin treatment (average 16%; P<0.01), in the EXER trials
(i.e., EXER+STA, 167±45 vs EXER+PLAC 191±34 mg·dL-1; P<0.01)
and in the REST trials (i.e., REST+STA, 161±47 vs REST+PLAC, 205±36
mg·dL-1; P<0.01). LDL-c concentration was reduced by STA
similarly in the EXER and REST trials (i.e., 25%; P<0.01). In
the EXER trials LDL-c was reduced from 108±30 to 89±41
mg·dL-1 (P=0.018) in the EXER+PLAC vs EXER+STA trials.
Similarly, in the REST trials, LDL-c decreased from 123±32 to 88±33
mg·dL-1 (P<0.01) in the REST+PLAC vs
REST+STA trials.
Statin withdrawn triggered an increase on VLDL-c (i.e., STA, 35±20 vs
PLAC 40±18 mg·dL-1; P=0.017) and a decrease on HDL-c
(i.e., STA, 46±11 vs PLAC 44±11 mg·dL-1; P<0.01) on the EXER
trials. Apo B48 levels were also reduced by statin treatment (average
24%; P<0.01), in EXER (i.e., STA, 13±6 vs PLAC 16±7
mg·dL-1; P=0.045) and in REST trial (i.e., STA 13±3 vs
PLAC 18±7 mg·dL-1; P=0.028; Figure 3). No effects of
statin or exercise were found on postprandial total Apo B100 levels.
With statin withdrawn, a bout of exercise induced a decrease of total
cholesterol (i.e., PLAC+EXER, 191±34 vs PLAC+REST, 205±36
mg·dL-1; P<0.01) and LDL-c levels (i.e.,
PLAC+EXER, 108±30 vs PLAC+REST, 123±32 mg·dL-1;
P=0.011; Figure 2).
Comparison between Met Healthy and Met Synd groups. Met Synd
and Met Healthy group characteristics at baseline are listed in Table 1.
In the Met Healthy group, exercise (bout of 41 min 14 hours prior to the
fat meal) significantly reduced the iAUC of PPTG when comparing EXER vs
REST trials (i.e., 224±142 vs 413±267 mg·dL-1;
P=0.02). Total cholesterol and LDL-c concentrations approached the Met
Healthy group levels when Met Synd subjects were taking statins (Table
2) but exercise had no effect on normalizing lipid levels. Despite
taking statins, HDL-c, VLDL-c and triglycerides were lower in Met
Healthy than in Met Synd group (Table 2). Apo B 48-100 levels were not
significantly different between
groups.