Population
During the 5-year study period, 189 children <2 years old were hospitalized in our institution with a main diagnosis of “haemangioma” identified from the hospital PMSI database. From this cohort, 95 patients were not included in the study: 43 (22.8%) cases were included in a concomitant randomised controlled trial comparing acebutolol versus propranolol in IH (NCT01743885), 24 (12.7%) cases were treated with another drug than Hemangiol® (atenolol, N=2; corticoids, N=2; other form of oral propranolol, N=9; surgery, N=11), 20 (10.6%) cases received no drug to treat their IH, and 8 (4.2%) cases had significant missing data (lost to follow-up). Therefore, a total of 94 children (75% female) with IH treated with Hemangiol® were included in this study. All parents or legal guardians gave their informed consent.
The most common IH localisation was the head (59.6%), especially the periocular (N=23) and nasal (N=11) regions. Rare cases of syndromic (PHACES syndrome, N=2; LUMBAR syndrome, N=2), hepatic haemangioma (N=2), and miliary IH (N=1) were identified.
Hemangiol® was initiated at a median age of 4 [0; 21] months, including 2 children <5 weeks and 29 children >5 months old. The main indication for IH treatment with Hemangiol® was functional threat (N=36; 38.3%) and mainly concerned facial IH, predominantly for periocular (N=19) and nasal (N=6) localisations. Ulcerated IH were treated with Hemangiol® in 29 (30.9%) children, especially in perineal localisations (N=7). Life-threatening forms of IH required treatment with Hemangiol® for 5 children (hepatic haemangioma, N=2; miliary, N=1; subglottic haemangioma, N=2). Patients’ clinical characteristics were reported in Table 1.