Aphid Abundances
The interaction between predator presence and warming treatment on aphid
abundances trended toward significance (df = 3, Chisq =
6.78, p = 0.079; Figure 2), and
there were also individual effects of warming treatment (df = 3, Chisq =
56.26, p < 0.001 ; Figure 1) and predator presence (df = 1,
Chisq = 11.06, p < 0.001). In the absence of predators,
warming affected aphid abundance (df = 3, Chisq = 39.22, p <
0.001). Specifically, there were fewer aphids in the ambient treatment
compared to all other warming treatments (all p’s < 0.01).
There was not a difference between the constant treatment and day or
night treatments (all p’s > 0.1), although there was a
higher abundance of aphids in the night-warming treatment compared to
the day-warming treatment (p = 0.0071). In the presence of predators,
warming had an effect on aphid abundance (df = 3, Chisq = 21.44, p
< 0.001). Specifically, there were fewer aphids in the ambient
treatment compared to all other warming treatments (all p’s <
0.01). There were no differences between any of the warming treatments
(all p’s = 0.9).