Conclusion
Our study highlighted that in infertile women with singleton pregnancies after reproductive surgery, the preterm delivery rate is comparable between spontaneous conception and conception after IVF/ICSI. The preterm delivery risk seems to be associated, preferably, with maternal risk factors and their co-existence rather than with the mode of conception as well as reproductive surgery. Thus, reproductive surgery has a valuable role in infertility treatment that enables a high ratio of spontaneous conceptions and should not be avoided before proceeding to IVF/ICSI. In selected infertile women with no obvious indication for IVF/ICSI or advanced age, we should encourage spontaneous conception after reproductive surgery. So, we can spare women of a psychosocial and medical treatment burden associated with IVF/ICSI procedure as well as decrease the risk of multiple pregnancies.