Material and Methods
After institutional ethical committee approval obtained, the data of
patients who underwent LPN or RPN in our center between April 2015 and
November 2018 were evaluated for this study. Patients with a solitary
kidney, zero ischemic PNs, retroperitoneal PNs, and who had a follow-up
period of less than 1 year or with missing data were excluded from the
study.
A total of 103 patients who underwent LPN (n = 31) and RPN (n= 72) were
included in the study. Contrast-enhanced tomography (CT) or magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate renal masses. Additional
comorbidities such as chronic hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus
(DM) that could affect RFs were recorded. Nephrometry risk scoring of
renal masses was made according to RENAL (R (radius), E (exophytic/
endophytic), N (nearness), A (anterior), and L (location)) and PADUA
(Preoperative Aspects and Dimensions Used for an Anatomical) scoring
systems. The RENAL and PADUA scores were calculated by evaluating each
anatomical parameter and tumor size according to described before[7,8].
The mean OT, WIT, estimated blood loss (EBL), conversion to open and
conversion to RN, remove of lodge drain time, and LOS were recorded as
perioperative data. The OT recorded as the time between the first skin
incision and the suturing of the incision site. The WIT was recorded as
the time period between placing the bulldog clamp in the renal artery
and opening this clamp.
For pathological parameters, histological subtypes, pathological stage,
Furhman grade, and positive surgical margin (PSM) rates were recorded.
Pathological staging was performed according to TNM classification.
Preoperative and 1 year postoperative estimated glomerular filtration
rate (eGFR) values were calculated using the Modification of Diet in
Renal Disease (MDRD) formula using age, gender, and ethnicity[9]. The changes between the two eGFR values
were recorded.