Conclusions
We assembled the chromosome-level genome for the PFM using PacBio long-read and Hi-C technology. This is the first assembled genome for the superfamily Copromorphoidea. This novel genomic resource allowed us to explore possible genes in PFM associated with adaptation to environmental factors. We identified five core genes relating to circadian rhythm in PFM and annotated models for each gene. Using the genome as a reference, we identified DEGs related to diapause of OFM which may point to candidate genes. Given the expression of long-day and short-day diapause by PFM, this moth species will be a useful model to further investigate adaptive shifts involving diapause, particularly by combining genomic information with intraspecific comparisons across geographic gradients (Ragland, Armbruster, & Meuti, 2019). The assembled genome provides a resource for further comparative studies of moths and butterflies particularly with respect to life cycle evolution and parallel evolution in detoxification functions.