Results
While feasible and safe, injection pain of i.d. adalimumab was higher compared to s.c. adalimumab (35.4 vs. 7.9 on a 101-point VAS scale). Initial absorption rate and bioavailability were higher after i.d. adalimumab (Tmax=95h(47-120); F=129%(6.46%)) compared to s.c. adalimumab (Tmax=120h(96-221)). In 50% and 83% of the subjects anti-adalimumab antibodies were detected after i.d. and s.c. adalimumab, respectively. We observed statistically significantly more erythema and skin perfusion after i.d. adalimumab, compared to s.c. adalimumab and placebo injections (p<0.0001). Cytokine secretion after whole blood LPS challenge was comparable between administration routes.