Methods
A retrospective study was conducted in Taipei Veterans General Hospital, a tertiary care medical center. Many pediatric patients in Taiwan and surrounding countries with complex airway diseases needing bronchoscopy interventions evaluation. FE number was 400 to 500 per year in the last two decades. Medical charts and associated FE videos of pediatric patients who were diagnosed of LC between January 2000 and December 2020 were reviewed and enrolled in this study. Their demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed. This study was approved by the Medico-Ethical Committee of hospital (VGHIRB: No. 2018-11-002BC).