Population genetics statistics
For each locality in Europe, North Africa, and western Asia from which
≥10 winter moth individuals were collected, standard population genetic
statistics were estimated from the microsatellite genotypes scores,
using GenoDive (Meirmans & Van Tienderen, 2004). In the
introduced region, we prioritized sampling a small number of individuals
from a large number of locations in each region to obtain a broader
representation of genetic diversity (see Suarez & Tsutsui, 2008).
Null-allele frequencies for each locus were estimated using Dempsters EM
method as implemented in GenePop (Raymond & Rousset, 1995;
Rousset, 2008).