Species Study Effect size group R Reference
Great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) Hidden costs of infection: Chronic malaria accelerates telomere degradation and senescence in wild birds Juveniles to adults 0,723 (Asghar et al., 2015)
Siskin (Spinus spinus) Parallel telomere shortening in multiple body tissues owing to malaria infection Juveniles 0,288 (Asghar et al., 2016)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Heritability of telomere length in zebra finch Juveniles to adults 0,814 (Atema et al., 2015)
Adults 0,819
Great tit (Parus major) Ultra-long telomeres shorten with age in nestling great tits but are static in adults and mask attrition of short telomeres Juveniles 0,491 (Atema et al., 2019)
Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis) Telomere length and dynamics predict mortality in a wild longitudinal study Adults 0,191 (Barrett et al., 2013)
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Developmental telomere attrition predicts impulsive decision-making in adult starlings Juveniles to adults 0,52 (Bateson et al., 2015)
Common tern (Sterna hirundo) Telomere length reflects phenotypic quality and costs of reproduction in a long-lived seabird Adults 0,787 (Bauch et al., 2013)
Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) Oxidative status and telomere length in a long-lived bird facing a costly reproductive event Adults 0,528 (Beaulieu et al., 2011)
Alpine swift (Apus melba) Telomere dynamics rather than age predict life expectancy in the wild Adults 0,285 (Bize et al., 2009)
Black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) Perfluorinated substances and telomeres in an Arctic seabird: Cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches Adults 0,749 (Blévin et al., 2017)
Jackdaw (Coloeus monedula) Nestling telomere shortening, but not telomere length, reflects developmental stress and predicts survival in wild birds Juveniles 0,953 (Boonekamp et al., 2014)
Jackdaw (Coloeus monedula) Does oxidative stress shorten telomeres in vivo? Juveniles 0,969 (Boonekamp et al., 2017)
Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) Magellanic penguin telomeres do not shorten with age with increased reproductive effort, investment, and basal corticosterone Adults 0,109 (Cerchiara et al., 2017)
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Telomere length, individual quality and fitness in female European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) during breeding Adults 0,259 (Criscuolo et al., 2018)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Timing matters: traffic noise accelerates telomere loss rate differently across developmental stages Juveniles to adults 0,435 (Dorado-Correa et al., 2018)
Spotted snow skink (Niveoscincus ocellatus) Tail loss and telomeres: consequences of large-scale tissue regeneration in a terrestrial ectotherm Adults 0,19 (Fitzpatrick et al., 2019)
Lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus) Telomere dynamics in relation to early growth conditions in the wild in the lesser black-backed gull Juveniles 0,542 (Foote et al., 2011)
Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae) Morph- and sex-specific effects of challenging conditions on maintenance parameters in the Gouldian finch Adults 0,818 (Fragueira et al., 2019)
King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) Catching-up but telomere loss: half-opening the black box of growth and ageing trade-off in wild king penguin chicks Juveniles 0,166 (Geiger et al., 2012)
Dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis) Early breeding females experience greater telomere loss Adults 0,356 (Graham et al, 2019)
Great tit (Parus major) Artificial light at night does not affect telomere shortening in a developing free-living songbird: A field experiment Artificial light at night and telomere dynamics Juveniles 0,131 (Grunst et al., 2019)
European shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) Telomere loss in relation to age and early environment in long-lived birds Juveniles to adults 0,586 (Hall et al., 2004)
Eurasian blackbird (Turdus merula) Repeated stressors in adulthood increase the rate of biological ageing Adults 0,871 (Hau et al., 2015)
Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) Effect of egg size selection on telomere length in Japanese quail Juveniles 0,645 Haussmann & Tschirren unpublished
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Telomere length in early life predicts lifespan Juveniles to adults 0,468 (Heidinger et al., 2012)
European shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) Parental age influences offspring telomere loss Juveniles 0,697 (Heidinger et al., 2016)
European shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) Stress exposure in early post-natal life reduces telomere length: an experimental demonstration in a long-lived seabird Juveniles 0,55 (Herborn et al., 2014)
Tawny owl (Strix aluco) Pale and dark morphs of tawny owls show different patterns of telomere dynamics in relation to disease status Adults 0,113 (Karell et al., 2017)
Pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) Impact of continuous predator threat on telomere dynamics in parent and nestling pied flycatchers Juveniles 0,196 (Kärkkäinen et al., 2019)
Adults 0,375
Pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) Interplays between pre- and post-natal environments affect early-life mortality, body mass and telomere dynamics in the wild Juveniles 0,321 (Kärkkäinen et al., 2021)
Feral pigeon (Columbia livia) Telomere erosion varies with sex and age at immune challenge but not with maternal antibodies in pigeons Juveniles to adults 0,307 (Lardy et al., 2017)
Pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) Sex-specific Associations between Telomere Dynamics and Oxidative Status in Adult and Nestling Pied Flycatchers Adults 5,44E-18 (López-Arrabé et al., 2018)
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Shorter juvenile telomere length is associated with higher survival to spawning in migratory Atlantic salmon Juveniles to adults 0,264 (McLennan et al., 2017)
Blacktailed gull (Larus crassirostris) Environmental perturbations influence telomere dynamics in long-lived birds in their natural habitat Adults 0,803 (Mizutani et al., 2013)
Blacktailed gull (Larus crassirostris) How Do Growth and Sibling Competition Affect Telomere Dynamics in the First Month of Life of Long-Lived Seabird? Juveniles 0,607 (Mizutani et al., 2016)
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Bottom of the Heap: Having Heavier Competitors Accelerates Early-Life Telomere Loss in the European Starling, Sturnus vulgaris Juveniles 0,702 (Nettle et al., 2013)
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) An experimental demonstration that early-life competitive disadvantage accelerates telomere loss Juveniles 0,917 (Nettle et al., 2015)
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Brood size moderates associations between relative size, telomere length, and immune development in European starling nestlings Juveniles 0,73 (Nettle et al., 2016)
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Early-life adversity accelerates cellular ageing and affects adult inflammation: Experimental evidence from the European starling Juveniles 0,869 (Nettle et al., 2017)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Sex-dependent effects of nutrition on telomere dynamics in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) Juveniles to adults 0,536 (Noguera et al., 2015)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Interacting effects of early dietary conditions and reproductive effort on the oxidative costs of reproduction Adults 0,0526 (Noguera, 2017)
Brown trout (Salmo trutta) Telomere dynamics in wild brown trout: effects of compensatory growth and early growth investment Juveniles 0,455 (Näslund et al., 2015)
Sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) Proximate determinants of telomere length in sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) Adults 0,609 (Olsson et al., 2010)
Painted ground-dragon (Ctenophorus pictus) Long term effects of superoxide and DNA repair on lizard telomeres Adults 0,523 (Olsson et al., 2018)
Barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) Early-Life Telomere Dynamics Differ between the Sexes and Predict Growth in the Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) Juveniles 0,662 (Parolini et al., 2015)
Yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) Perinatal variation and covariation of oxidative status and telomere length in yellow-legged gull chicks Juveniles 0,379 (Parolini et al., 2019)
Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Rapid growth accelerates telomere attrition in a transgenic fish Juveniles 0,487 (Pauliny et al., 2015)
Pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) Vitamin E Supplementation—But Not Induced Oxidative Stress—Influences Telomere Dynamics During Early Development in Wild Passerines Juveniles 0,603 (Pérez-Rodríguez et al., 2019)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Experimental increase in telomere length leads to faster feather regeneration Adults 0,418 (Reichert et al., 2014)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Increased brood size leads to persistent eroded telomeres Adults 0,518 (Reichert et al., 2014)
King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) Maternal telomere length inheritance in the king penguin Juveniles 0,283 (Reichert et al., 2015)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Immediate and delayed effects of growth conditions on ageing parameters in nestling zebra finches Juveniles 0,713 (Reichert et al., 2015)
Juveniles to adults 0,32
Australian painted dragon (Ctenophorus pictus) Telomere dynamics in a lizard with morph-specific reproductive investment and self-maintenance Adults 0,711 (Rollings et al., 2017)
Great tit (Parus major) Selective disappearance of great tits with short telomeres in urban areas Juveniles to adults 0,231 (Salmón et al., 2017)
Adults 0,398
Jackdaw (Coloeus monedula) Telomere shortening and survival in free-living corvids Juveniles 0,929 (Salomons et al., 2009)
Black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) Migration and stress during reproduction govern telomere dynamics in a seabird Adults 0,928 (Schultner et al., 2014)
Magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens) Corticosterone, inflammation, immune status and telomere length in frigatebird nestlings facing a severe herpesvirus infection Juveniles 0,63 (Sebastiano et al., 2017)
Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) Age and Heat Stress as Determinants of Telomere Length in a Long-Lived Fish, the Siberian Sturgeon Juveniles 0,0265 (Simide et al., 2016)
Great tit (Parus major) Starting with a handicap: effects of asynchronous hatching on growth rate, oxidative stress and telomere dynamics in free-living great tits Juveniles 0,597 (Stier et al., 2015)
Great tit (Parus major) Investigating how telomere dynamics, growth and life history covary along an elevation gradient in two passerine species Great tit 0,738 (Stier et al., 2016)
Coal tit (Periparus ater) Coal tit 0,743
Collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) Effect of prenatal TH on telomere length in Collared flycatcher qPCR 0,653 Stier et al. unpublished
TRF 0,935
Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) Prenatal temperature and TL in Japanese quail qPCR 0,662 Stier at al. unpublished
TRF 0,934
Blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) Experimentally increased reproductive effort alters telomere length in the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) Adults 0,479 (Sudyka et al., 2014)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Elevated reproduction does not affect telomere dynamics and oxidative stress Adults 0,386 (Sudyka et al., 2016)
Blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) Sex-specific effects of parasites on telomere dynamics in a short lived passerine - a blue tit Adults 0,398 (Sudyka et al., 2019)
Common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) Sexual signals reflect telomere dynamics in a wild bird Adults 0,531 (Taff & Freeman‐Gallant, 2017)
Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Maternal Effects Underlie Ageing Costs of Growth in the Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Juveniles 0,724 (Tissier et al., 2014)
Water python (Liasis fuscus) Short Telomeres in Hatchling Snakes: Erythrocyte Telomere Dynamics and Longevity in Tropical Pythons Juveniles 0,104 (Ujvari & Madsen, 2009)
Adults 0,955
Frillneck lizard (Chlamydosaurus kingii) Curvilinear telomere length dynamics in a squamate reptile Adults 0,562 (Ujvari et al., 2017)
Common tern (Sterna hirundo) Telomere attrition and growth: a life-history framework and case study in common terns Juveniles 0,871 (Vedder et al., 2018)
European storm petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus) Variation in early-life telomere dynamics in a long-lived bird: links to environmental conditions and survival Juveniles 0,0683 (Watson et al., 2015)
White‐browed sparrow‐weaver (Plocepasser mahali) Telomere attrition predicts reduced survival in a wild social bird but short telomeres do not Juveniles 0,657 (Wood & Young, 2019)
Thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia) Age, Sex and Telomere Dynamics in a Long-Lived Seabird with Male-Biased Parental Care Juveniles to adults 0,692 (Young et al., 2013)
Black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) Effects of developmental conditions on growth stress and telomeres in black-legged kittiwake chicks Juveniles 0,74 (Young et al., 2017)