References
Alavanja, M. C. R., Hoppin, J. A., & Kamel, F. (2004). Health Effects of Chronic Pesticide Exposure: Cancer and Neurotoxicity. Annual Review of Public Health . https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.25.101802.123020
Arcury, T. A., & Quandt, S. A. (1998). Chronic agricultural chemical exposure among migrant and seasonal farmworkers. Society and Natural Resources . https://doi.org/10.1080/08941929809381121
Bebber, D. P., & Gurr, S. J. (2015). Crop-destroying fungal and oomycete pathogens challenge food security. Fungal Genetics and Biology . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2014.10.012
Bishop, J. G. (2005). Directed mutagenesis confirms the functional importance of positively selected sites in polygalacturonase inhibitor protein. Molecular Biology and Evolution . https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msi146
Borodina, I., & Nielsen, J. (2014). Advances in metabolic engineering of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of chemicals. InBiotechnology Journal . https://doi.org/10.1002/biot.201300445
Capodicasa, C., Vairo, D., Zabotina, O., McCartney, L., Caprari, C., Mattei, B., Manfredini, C., Aracri, B., Benen, J., Knox, J. P., De Lorenzo, G., & Cervone, F. (2004). Targeted modification of homogalacturonan by transgenic expression of a fungal polygalacturonase alters plant growth. Plant Physiology . https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.104.042788
Caprari, C., Mattei, B., Basile, M. L., Salvi, G., Crescenzi, V., De Lorenzo, G., & Cervone, F. (1996). Mutagenesis of endopolygalacturonase from fusarium moniliforme : Histidine residue 234 is critical for enzymatic and macerating activities and not for binding to polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP). Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions . https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-9-0617
Cervone, F. (1997). Polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) with different specificities are expressed in Phaseolus vulgaris.Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions . https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI.1997.10.7.852
D’Ovidio, R., Raiola, A., Capodicasa, C., Devoto, A., Pontiggia, D., Roberti, S., Galletti, R., Conti, E., O’Sullivan, D., & De Lorenzo, G. (2004). Characterization of the complex locus of bean encoding polygalacturonase- inhibiting proteins reveals subfunctionalization for defense against fungi and insects. Plant Physiology . https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.104.044644
De Lorenzo, G., D’Ovidio, R., & Cervone, F. (2001). The role of polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPS) in defense against pathogenic fungi. In Annual Review of Phytopathology . https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.39.1.313
De Lucca, A. J. (2007). Harmful fungi in both agriculture and medicine. In Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia . https://doi.org/10.1016/S1130-1406(07)70002-5
Dekker, J. (1983). Cultural practices and infectious crop diseases.Scientia Horticulturae . https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(83)90118-8
Delic, M., Valli, M., Graf, A. B., Pfeffer, M., Mattanovich, D., & Gasser, B. (2013). The secretory pathway: Exploring yeast diversity. InFEMS Microbiology Reviews . https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6976.12020
Di Matteo, A., Federici, L., Mattei, B., Salvi, G., Johnson, K. A., Savino, C., De Lorenzo, G., Tsernoglou, D., & Cervone, F. (2003). The crystal structure of polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP), a leucine-rich repeat protein involved in plant defense. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ,100 (17), 10124–10128. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1733690100
Di Matteo, Adele, Bonivento, D., Tsernoglou, D., Federici, L., & Cervone, F. (2006). Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) in plant defence: A structural view. In Phytochemistry . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.12.025
Elmer, P. A. G., & Reglinski, T. (2006). Biosuppression of Botrytis cinerea in grapes. In Plant Pathology . https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2006.01348.x
Federici, L., Caprari, C., Mattei, B., Savino, C., Di Matteo, A., De Lorenzo, G., Cervone, F., & Tsernoglou, D. (2001). Structural requirements of endopolygalacturonase for the interaction with PGIP (polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.231473698
Federici, Luca, Di Matteo, A., Fernandez-Recio, J., Tsernoglou, D., & Cervone, F. (2006). Polygalacturonase inhibiting proteins: Players in plant innate immunity? Trends in Plant Science . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2005.12.005
Fitzgerald, I., & Glick, B. S. (2014). Secretion of a foreign protein from budding yeasts is enhanced by cotranslational translocation and by suppression of vacuolar targeting. Microbial Cell Factories . https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-014-0125-0
Frediani, M., Cremonini, R., Salvi, G., Caprari, C., Desiderio, A., D’Ovidio, R., Cervone, F., & De Lorenzo, G. (1993). Cytological localization of the PGIP genes in the embryo suspensor cells of Phaseolus vulgavis L. Theoretical and Applied Genetics: International Journal of Plant Breeding Research . https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01184925
Gherbawy, Y., Elhariry, H., Kocsubé, S., Bahobial, A., Deeb, B. El, Altalhi, A., Varga, J., & Vágvölgyi, C. (2015). Molecular characterization of black aspergillus species from onion and their potential for ochratoxin A and fumonisin B2 production. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease . https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2014.1870
Gianessi, L., & Reigner, N. (2006). The importance of fungicides in U.S. crop production. In Outlooks on Pest Management . https://doi.org/10.1564/17oct06
Haeger, W., Henning, J., Heckel, D., Pauchet, Y., & Kirsch, R. (2020). Direct evidence for a new mode of plant defense against insects via a novel polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein expression strategy.Journal of Biological Chemistry . https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA120.014027
Hammond-Kosack, K. E., & Jones, J. D. G. (1997). PLANT DISEASE RESISTANCE GENES. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol .
Helft, L., Reddy, V., Chen, X., Koller, T., Federici, L., Fernández-Recio, J., Gupta, R., & Bent, A. (2011). LRR conservation mapping to predict functional sites within protein leucine-rich repeat domains. PLoS ONE , 6 (7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021614
Hématy, K., Cherk, C., & Somerville, S. (2009). Host-pathogen warfare at the plant cell wall. In Current Opinion in Plant Biology . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2009.06.007
Ishii, H. (2006). Impact of fungicide resistance in plant pathogens on crop disease control and agricultural environment. In Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly . https://doi.org/10.6090/jarq.40.205
Kadowaki, K., Yamamoto, S., Sato, H., Tanabe, A. S., Hidaka, A., & Toju, H. (2018). Mycorrhizal fungi mediate the direction and strength of plant–soil feedbacks differently between arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal communities. Communications Biology . https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-018-0201-9
Kalunke, R. M., Tundo, S., Benedetti, M., Cervone, F., De Lorenzo, G., & D’Ovidio, R. (2015). An update on polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP), aleucine-rich repeat protein that protects crop plants against pathogens. In Frontiers in Plant Science . https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00146
Kubicek, C. P., Starr, T. L., & Glass, N. L. (2014). Plant cell wall-degrading enzymes and their secretion in plant-pathogenic fungi.Annual Review of Phytopathology . https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-102313-045831
Langvad, F. (1999). A rapid and efficient method for growth measurement of filamentous fungi. Journal of Microbiological Methods ,37 (1), 97–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(99)00053-6
Leckie, F., Mattei, B., Capodicasa, C., Hemmings, A., Nuss, L., Aracri, B., De Lorenzo, G., & Cervone, F. (1999). The specificity of polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP): A single amino acid substitution in the solvent-exposed β-strand/β-turn region of the leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) confers a new recognition capability.EMBO Journal . https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/18.9.2352
Liu, N., Ma, X., Zhou, S., Wang, P., Sun, Y., Li, X., & Hou, Y. (2016). Molecular and Functional Characterization of a Polygalacturonase-Inhibiting Protein from Cynanchum komarovii That Confers Fungal Resistance in Arabidopsis. PLOS ONE , 11 (1), e0146959. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146959
Logrieco, A., Ferracane, R., Haidukowsky, M., Cozzi, G., Visconti, A., & Ritieni, A. (2009). Fumonisin B2 production by Aspergillus niger from grapes and natural occurrence in must. Food Additives and Contaminants - Part A Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure and Risk Assessment . https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030903148322
Maltby, L., Brock, T. C. M., & Van Den Brink, P. J. (2009). Fungicide risk assessment for aquatic ecosystems: Importance of interspecific variation, toxic mode of action, and exposure regime.Environmental Science and Technology . https://doi.org/10.1021/es901461c
Manfredini, C., Sicilia, F., Ferrari, S., Pontiggia, D., Salvi, G., Caprari, C., Lorito, M., & Lorenzo, G. De. (2005). Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein 2 of Phaseolus vulgaris inhibits BcPG1, a polygalacturonase of Botrytis cinerea important for pathogenicity, and protects transgenic plants from infection.Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2005.10.002
Matsaunyane, L. B., Oelofse, D., & Dubery, I. A. (2015). In silico analysis of the polygalacturonase inhibiting protein 1 from apple, Malus domestica. BMC Research Notes , 8 (1), 76. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1025-z
Maulik, A., Ghosh, H., & Basu, S. (2009). Comparative study of protein-protein interaction observed in PolyGalacturonase-Inhibiting Proteins from Phaseolus vulgaris and Glycine max and PolyGalacturonase from Fusarium moniliforme. BMC Genomics , 10 (SUPPL. 3), S19. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-S3-S19
Melchers, L. S., & Stuiver, M. H. (2000). Novel genes for disease-resistance breeding. In Current Opinion in Plant Biology . https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-5266(99)00055-2
Möller, M., & Stukenbrock, E. H. (2017). Evolution and genome architecture in fungal plant pathogens. In Nature Reviews Microbiology . https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.76
Money, N. P. (2007). Triumph of the fungi: A rotten history. InTriumph of the Fungi: A Rotten History . https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195189711.001.0001
Moore, D., Robson, G., & Trinci, T. (2011). 21st Century Guidebook to Fungi. In 21st Century Guidebook to Fungi . https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511977022
Morton, V., & Staub, T. (2008). A Short History of Fungicides.APSnet Feature Articles . https://doi.org/10.1094/apsnetfeature-2008-0308
Munkvold, G. P. (2003). Epidemiology of Fusarium diseases and their mycotoxins in maize ears. In European Journal of Plant Pathology . https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026078324268
Navarta, L. G., Calvo, · Juan, Posetto, P., Benuzzi, D., María, ·, & Sanz, I. (2020). Freeze-drying of a mixture of bacterium and yeast for application in postharvest control of pathogenic fungi . 2 , 1223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-3049-9
Oelofse, D., Dubery, I. A., Meyer, R., Arendse, M. S., Gazendam, I., & Berger, D. K. (2006a). Apple polygalacturonase inhibiting protein1 expressed in transgenic tobacco inhibits polygalacturonases from fungal pathogens of apple and the anthracnose pathogen of lupins.Phytochemistry , 67 (3), 255–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.10.029
Oelofse, D., Dubery, I. A., Meyer, R., Arendse, M. S., Gazendam, I., & Berger, D. K. (2006b). Apple polygalacturonase inhibiting protein1 expressed in transgenic tobacco inhibits polygalacturonases from fungal pathogens of apple and the anthracnose pathogen of lupins.Phytochemistry , 67 (3), 255–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.10.029
Palencia, E. R., Hinton, D. M., & Bacon, C. W. (2010). The black Aspergillus species of maize and peanuts and their potential for mycotoxin production. In Toxins (Vol. 2, Issue 4, pp. 399–416). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins2040399
Pamphile, J. A., & Azevedo, J. L. (2002). Molecular characterization of endophytic strains of Fusarium verticillioides (= Fusarium moniliforme) from maize (Zea mays. L). World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology . https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015507008786
Petrasch, S., Knapp, S. J., van Kan, J. A. L., & Blanco-Ulate, B. (2019). Grey mould of strawberry, a devastating disease caused by the ubiquitous necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. InMolecular Plant Pathology . https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12794
Rathinam, M., Rao, U., & Sreevathsa, R. (2020). Novel biotechnological strategies to combat biotic stresses: polygalacturonase inhibitor (PGIP) proteins as a promising comprehensive option. In Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10396-3
Schoeman, A., Flett, B. C., Janse van Rensburg, B., Ncube, E., & Viljoen, A. (2018). Pathogenicity and toxigenicity of Fusarium verticillioides isolates collected from maize roots, stems and ears in South Africa. European Journal of Plant Pathology . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-018-1510-z
Sella, L., Castiglioni, C., Roberti, S., D’Ovidio, R., & Favaron, F. (2004). An endo-polygalacturonase (PG) of Fusarium moniliforme escaping inhibition by plant polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) provides new insights into the PG-PGIP interaction. FEMS Microbiology Letters . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2004.09.019
Shaffer, H. A., Rood, M. K., Kashlan, B., Chang, E. I. lin., Doyle, D. F., & Azizi, B. (2012). BAPJ69-4A: A yeast two-hybrid strain for both positive and negative genetic selection. Journal of Microbiological Methods . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2012.07.003
Sharma, R. (2012). Pathogenecity of aspergillus niger in plants.Cibtech Journal of Microbiology . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.615
Sicilia, F., Fernandez-Recio, J., Caprari, C., De Lorenzo, G., Tsernoglou, D., Cervone, F., & Federici, L. (2005). The polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein PGIP2 of Phaseolus vulgaris has evolved a mixed mode of inhibition of endopolygalacturonase PG1 of Botrytis cinerea. Plant Physiology . https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.105.067546
Siddiqui, M. S., Thodey, K., Trenchard, I., & Smolke, C. D. (2012). Advancing secondary metabolite biosynthesis in yeast with synthetic biology tools. In FEMS Yeast Research . https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1567-1364.2011.00774.x
Spadoni, S., Zabotina, O., Di Matteo, A., Mikkelsen, J. D., Cervone, F., De Lorenzo, G., Mattei, B., & Bellincampi, D. (2006). Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein interacts with pectin through a binding site formed by four clustered residues of arginine and lysine.Plant Physiology . https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.106.076950
Spinelli, F., Mariotti, L., Mattei, B., Salvi, G., Cervone, F., & Caprari, C. (2009). Three aspartic acid residues of polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) from Phaseolus vulgaris are critical for inhibition of Fusarium phyllophilum PG. Plant Biology (Stuttgart, Germany) . https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00175.x
Steel, C. C., Blackman, J. W., & Schmidtke, L. M. (2013). Grapevine bunch rots: Impacts on wine composition, quality, and potential procedures for the removal of wine faults. In Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry . https://doi.org/10.1021/jf400641r
Stotz, H. U., Bishop, J. G., Bergmann, C. W., Koch, M., Albersheim, P., Darvill, A. G., & Labavitch, J. M. (2000). Identification of target amino acids that affect interactions of fungal polygalacturonases and their plant inhibitors. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology . https://doi.org/10.1006/pmpp.2000.0258
Thabet, W. M., Shendy, A. H., & Gadalla, S. A. (2016). Chronic exposure of insecticide and fungicide as indicator of health impact in some commonly consumed leafy vegetables: Case study. Cogent Food & Agriculture . https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2016.1193926
Truong, D., & Gietz, R. D. (2007). 3 Yeast Transformation. InMethods in Microbiology . https://doi.org/10.1016/S0580-9517(06)36003-5
Valero, E., Cambon, B., Schuller, D., Casal, M., Dequin, S., & El Encin, F. (n.d.). Biodiversity of Saccharomyces yeast strains from grape berries of wine-producing areas using starter commercial yeasts . https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00161.x
Weiberg, A., Wang, M., Lin, F. M., Zhao, H., Zhang, Z., Kaloshian, I., Huang, H. Da, & Jin, H. (2013). Fungal small RNAs suppress plant immunity by hijacking host RNA interference pathways. Science . https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1239705
Wilson, E. R., Smalling, K. L., Reilly, T. J., Gray, E., Bond, L., Steele, L., Kandel, P., Chamberlin, A., Gause, J., Reynolds, N., Robertson, I., Novak, S., Feris, K., & White, M. M. (2014). Assessing the potential effects of fungicides on nontarget gut fungi (trichomycetes) and their associated larval black fly hosts.Journal of the American Water Resources Association . https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12166
Wink, M. (1988). Plant breeding: importance of plant secondary metabolites for protection against pathogens and herbivores. InTheoretical and Applied Genetics . https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303957
Xu, M. L., Yang, J. G., Wu, J. X., Chi, Y. C., & Xie, L. H. (2015). First report of aspergillus niger causing root rot of peanut in China.Plant Disease . https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-14-0530-PDN
Yang, C., Hamel, C., Vujanovic, V., & Gan, Y. (2011). Fungicide: Modes of Action and Possible Impact on Nontarget Microorganisms. ISRN Ecology . https://doi.org/10.5402/2011/130289
ZHANG, D. Q., WANG, H. Bin, LIU, B., FENG, D. R., HE, Y. M., & WANG, J. F. (2006). Carrot Antifreeze Protein Does Not Exhibit the Polygalacturonase-inhibiting Activity of PGIP Family. Acta Genetica Sinica . https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-4172(06)60139-X