3. Results
A total of 110 patients were selected to meet the criteria for inclusion in this study, 20 patients were excluded, of which 4 patients did not meet the inclusion criteria, 12 patients refused to participate in this study, and 4 patients did not enter the experimental group for other reasons. Ninety patients were equally allocated to the study groups. Ultimately, the data of ninety patients were analyzed. The consort diagram is shown Fig. 1. Table 1 describes the demographic characteristics of the three groups of patients.
The dosage of tramadol consumption at 24 hours after the surgical procedure in the ESP group and RIB group was significantly lower than that in the SAB group (P < 0.001) (Fig. 2C). There was no statistical difference in tramadol consumption between the ESP and RIB groups within 24 hours (P = 0.676) (Fig. 2C). Similarly, the postoperative NRS score in the ESP and RIB groups 0.5, 1, 3,6,12, 18 and 24 hour after surgery when patients were active was significantly lower than that in the SAB group (P < 0.05 for all comparisons) (Fig. 3B). However, there was no significant difference in postoperative pain scores at 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after operation across the three groups (Fig.3A). There was no statistical difference in the postoperative NRS score between groups ESP and RIB within 24 hours after surgery when patients were active (Fig. 3AB).
The total number of complaints about pain, the time of first pain , and the satisfaction scores in groups ESP and RIB were significantly shorter than those in group SAB (P < 0.05 for all comparisons) (Fig. 2AB, Fig. 3D), There was no significant difference in the time of first pain (P = 0.543) (Fig. 2B), total number of complaints about pain, and satisfaction scores (P = 0.697) between the ESP and RIB groups (Fig. 2AD).
There was no significant difference in the dosage of propofol (P = 0.912 for all comparisons) and remifentanil (P = 0.954 for all comparisons) among the three groups (Table 2), and there was no significant difference in recovery time (P = 0.201 for all comparisons), age (P = 0.439 for all comparisons), or BMI (P = 0.104 for all comparisons) across the three groups (Tables 1, 2). No significant differences in the duration of the surgical procedure (P = 0.436 for all comparisons) or duration of anesthesia (P = 0.606 for all comparisons) were observed across the three groups (Table 2). There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea (P = 0.894 for all comparisons) and vomiting (P = 0.770 for all comparisons) among the SAB, ESP, and RIB groups (Table 3).