Figure legends
Figure 1. Schematic representation of 2 × 3 factorial design. Green-colored aphids indicate sham (non-infective) A. pisum , while blue-colored aphids indicate PEMV-infective A. pisum . Slashes indicate order of S. lineatus treatments (S. lineatus first, A. pisum first, or no S. lineatus ).
Figure 2. Relative transcript accumulation of plant hormone biosynthesis genes associated with four hormonal signaling pathways: (A)ICS1 (salicylic acid), (B) LOX2 (jasmonic acid), (C)AOX3 (abscisic acid), and (D) GA2ox (gibberellic acid) following attack with various combinations of S. lineatus ,A. pisum , and PEMV. Within each panel, bars separated by a different letter were significant different based on MANOVA (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05). Bar height and error bars indicate marginal mean and standard error of the regression coefficient for each respective treatment.
Figure 3. Relative transcript accumulation of plant defense response transcripts: (A) PR1, (B) DDR230, and (C)PsLectin following attack with various combinations of S. lineatus , A. pisum , and PEMV. Within each panel, bars separated by a different letter were significant different based on MANOVA (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05). Bar height and error bars indicate marginal mean and standard error of the regression coefficient for each respective treatment.
Figure 4 . (A) Salicylic acid, (B) jasmonic acid, and (C) abscisic acid phytohormone levels in P. sativum plants following attack with various combinations of S. lineatus , A. pisum , and PEMV. Within each panel, bars not connected by the same letter are significantly different (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05). Bar height and error bars indicate marginal mean and standard error of the regression coefficient for each respective treatment.
Figure 5 . Nutritional analysis (total amino acid) in P. sativum following attack with various combinations of S. lineatus , A. pisum , and PEMV. S. lineatus increase total amino acid concentration in plants (GLM, χ2 = 9.194, P =0.01). There was no “sham-none” treatment combination so that could not be estimated. Within each panel, bars not connected by the same letter are significantly different (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05). Bar height and error bars indicate marginal mean and standard error of the regression coefficient for each respective treatment.