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Introduction
Early pregnancy loss is a frequently occurring disorder during the reproductive period, which causes many psychological, social, and economic problems. Recurrent abortions worsen these problems. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two or more consecutive abortions that occur before the twentieth gestational week in the absence of a previous delivery [1,2,3]. The incidence of spontaneous pregnancy loss was reported in almost 1 in 300 pregnancies [1]. According to epidemiological studies, recurrent abortion was seen in 1% to 2% of all women in a lifetime. Many factors have a role in RPL, such as aging, bad obstetric history, and genetic and thrombotic problems [4].
The prothrombotic conditions affect maternal-fetal circulation and can impair placental development. These thrombotic processes lead to venous and/or arterial thrombosis, which can be responsible or contribute to RPL. Therefore, antithrombotic strategies and/or prophylaxis regimens are already being employed for medical management of recurrent abortions. Thrombophilia panels were investigated to determine risky populations [1, 5]. However, these panels are expensive and their use is limited in the follow-up of treatment efficacy. Recently, investigators focused on developing new and effective biomarkers for monitoring prothrombotic populations. Especially, routine blood parameters were investigated for vascular thrombotic processes [6, 7]. The immunopathological theory of RPL depends on decidual inflammation, perivillous and decidual fibrin deposition, and micro-thrombosis in decidual vessels that can be resulted in placental implantation abnormalities. Moreover, many reports were focused on the direct roles of the thrombotic and inflammatory processes in miscarriage7. However, the changes of standard laboratory markers which are investigated other thrombotic and/or inflammatory disorders were not comprehensively studied in RPL cases in previous studies.
The objective of this study, was to reveal the differences in routine blood parameter tests as fibrinogen, D-dimer, fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet count, main platelet volume (MPV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) values between pregnants with RPL and had no previous recurrent miscarriage.