Tables
Table 1: Evaluation of acute in vitro toxicity of piperonylic acid to the pests and pathogens used in this study. Reported values are means ± SEM. Exposure duration for A. lycopersici and T. urticae is not given, because these were sprayed with PA instead of being continuously exposed. P-values were calculated using Fisher’s exact test for M. incognita, M. graminicola, A. lycopersici, T. urticae and F. occidentalis , and using a heteroskedastic T-test for P. syringaeand B. cinerea .