Figure legends
Figure 1. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific IgG levels in poultry farm personnel, COVID-19 patients, and pre-pandemic controls. (A ) anti-S1 IgG, (B ) anti-RBD IgG, (C ) anti-S2 IgG and (D ) anti-N IgG OD ratios in sera from vaccine implementers (n=39, pink circles closed) and poultry workers (n=14, pink circles open), non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=19, black circles open), hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=18, black circles closed), and pre-pandemic control samples (n=38, turquoise circles). Dashed lines indicate the threshold level at 0.1. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. *P< 0.05, ****P<0.0001. Horizontal bar represents mean values. (E ) Heatmap of IgG antibody response of sera from vaccine implementers (VI1-VI39) and poultry workers (PW1-PW14), non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients (C1-C19), hospitalized COVID-19 patients (C20-C37), and pre-pandemic control samples (H1-H38). The color key indicates IgG OD ratios, with blue shades indicating elevated ratios while white shades indicating lower ratios. (F ) Frequency of vaccine implementers and poultry workers with >0.1 IgG OD ratios for S1, RBD, S2, and N.
Figure 2. IBV-specific IgG levels in poultry farm personnel, COVID-19 patients, and pre-pandemic controls. (A ) anti-4/91 IgG, (B ) anti-IS/1494/06 IgG, (C ) anti-M41 IgG and (D ) anti-D274 IgG OD ratios in sera from vaccine implementers (n=39, pink circles closed) and poultry workers (n=14, pink circles open), non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=19, black circles open), hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=18, black circles closed), and pre-pandemic control samples (n=38, turquoise circles). Dashed lines indicate the threshold level at 0.1. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. *P< 0.05, ***P<0.001. Horizontal bar represents mean values. (E ) Heatmap of IgG antibody response of sera from vaccine implementers (VI1-VI39) and poultry workers (PW1-PW14), non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients (C1-C19), hospitalized COVID-19 patients (C20-C37), and pre-pandemic control samples (H1-H38). The color key indicates IgG OD ratios, with blue shades indicating elevated ratios while white shades indicating lower ratios. (F ) Frequency of vaccine implementers and poultry workers with >0.1 IgG OD ratios for 4/91, IS/1494/06, M41, and D274.
Figure 3. SARS-CoV-2 peptide-specific IgG levels in poultry farm personnel, COVID-19 patients and pre-pandemic controls. (A ) anti-ORF3a (aa 172-205) IgG, (B ) anti-N (aa 153-176) IgG, (C ) anti-N (aa 221-244) IgG, (D ) anti-N (aa 358-381) IgG, (E ) anti-N (aa 382-405) IgG, (F ) anti-S (aa 547-570) IgG, (G ) anti-S (aa 782-805) IgG, (H ) anti-S (aa 807-830) IgG, (I ) anti-S (aa 1138-1161) IgG, (J ) anti-Rhinovirus A (aa 567-591) IgG, (K ) anti-HHV 4 (aa 398-422) IgG, and (L ) anti-HIV-1 (aa 967-991) IgG OD levels in sera from vaccine implementers (n=39, pink circles closed) and poultry workers (n=14, pink circles open), non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=19, black circles open), hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=18, black circles closed), and pre-pandemic control samples (n=38, turquoise circles). Dashed lines indicate the threshold level at 0.1. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. *P< 0.05, **P< 0.01, ***P< 0.001, ****P<0.0001. Horizontal bar represents mean values. (M ) Heatmap of IgG antibody response of sera from vaccine implementers (VI1-VI39) and poultry workers (PW1-PW14), non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients (C1-C19), hospitalized COVID-19 patients (C20-C37), and pre-pandemic control samples (H1-H38). The color key indicates IgG OD ratios, with blue shades indicating elevated ratios while white shades indicating lower ratios.
Figure 4. Differences in IgG OD ratios based on the work experience of vaccine implementers and poultry workers. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (ANOVA if parametric distribution). *P< 0.05, **P<0.01. Individuals were categorized into three groups as follows: (A ) vaccine implementers (2-20 months, n=11; 21-100 months, n=19; >100 months, n=9) and (B ) poultry workers (2-20 months, n=5; 21-100 months, n=5; >100 months, n=4).
Figure 5. Heatmap with Spearman correlation analysis.Correlation analysis of between SARS-CoV-2-, IBV-, SARS-CoV-2 peptide-, Rhinovirus-, and Human Herpesvirus 4-specific IgG levels in (A ) poultry farm personnel, (B ) COVID-19 patients, and (C ) pre-pandemic controls. White color asteriks indicate negative correlation. *P< 0.05, **P<0.01, ***P< 0.001, ****P<0.0001.