Genetics
Patients who experienced neurocognitive decline had an upregulation of 445 genes and a downregulation of 40 genes at POD 4, compared to patients without NCD. In patients with diabetes, there was an upregulation of 12 genes and downregulation of 7 genes when compared to patients without diabetes. In patients with diabetes that experienced neurocognitive decline there was an upregulation of 277 genes and downregulation of 220 genes when compared to those patients with diabetes that had no neurocognitive decline. Within the subset of patients with NCD, those with diabetes upregulated 121 genes and downregulated 159 genes when compared to patients who did not have diabetes. [Figures 2-5]. A list of the top upregulated and downregulated transcripts for the patients with diabetes, post-cardiopulmonary bypass, with and without NCD can be found in tables 1-4. Annexin A1 was found to be upregulated 3.14-fold (p= 0.02) above baseline in the same group of patients.