Completion of the Fontan circulation
In those deteriorating after a previous Glenn procedure as part of
staged palliation, or after the Kawashima repair with development of
pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, the hepatic venous return has
been redirected using either an extracardiac polytetrafluoroethylene
conduit, or a partly intracardiac fenestrated conduit (Figures 8 and
9).43-47,64 Other investigators have created brachial
arteriovenous fistulas for treatment of the pulmonary arteriovenous
malformations.8,9,43-47