Abstract:
Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) incidence in acute
myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have not been well described and some
studies have shown the risk of this infection in these groups of
patients. In this systematic review, we reviewed the published studies
about PCP in AML to evaluate the PCP incidence and outcomes in these
patients and then focuses on its immunological mechanism.
Method: All articles reviewed in this collection are from
recruited sites: PubMed and Embase databases. No time limit was
considered for article searching. The following keywords were used:
(”Pneumonia, Pneumocystis” OR Pneumocystis Pneumonia” OR ”Pneumocystis
jirovecii”), AND (”leukemia, myeloid, acute OR acute myeloid leukemia”).
Our search strategy yielded 356 articles. After implementing the
exclusion and inclusion criteria, the final papers were selected and
reviewed.
Result: By our search, 356 articles were found (316 in PubMed
and 40 in Embase). After the implementation of inclusion and exclusion
criteria, seven papers remained. A total of seven articles with a total
number of 41 patients were included.
Conclusion : Affected patients appear to have a clear resistance
to PCP infection despite chemotherapy and bone marrow suppression due to
the preservation of a specific immunological milieu in the lung. In
fact, may be due to immunological stability of the lungs that remains
intact. Further studies are needed.
Review criteria: how did you gather, select and analyze the information
you considered in your review?
We have searched all of the databases and literature associated with
this topic in Pubmed, Google Scholar, EMBASE databases. Then, We proceed
regard to PRISMA flowchart. In this review, there have been identified
356 articles.
Message for the clinic: what is the ‘take-home’ message for the
clinician?
the aim of this study was to evaluate what is the probability of PCP
infection and acute myeloid leukemia and then evaluate why this
probability is low in this certain population. So this is always an
important question for us that how the difference between myeloid
leukemia and lymphoid leukemia would be justified.
Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia, pneumocystis pneumonia,
pneumonia, pneumocystis jirovecii, pneumocystis, systematic review