Genetic loading
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Absence of family history
|
Presence of Family history
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Traits, temperament and predictors of bipolarity
|
Absence of trait bipolar (cyclothymia), hyperthymic temperament and
predictors of bipolarity
|
Presence of trait bipolar, hyperthymic temperament and predictor of
bipolarity
|
Age of onset
|
Advance age of onset (Rule out organicity)
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Early age of onset
|
Social stressor
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Absence of stressor
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a. Presence of stressor [12] (Childhood events, Adulthood events,
Acute stressor, Chronic stressor, Positive life events, Negative life
events)
b. Subjective perception of life events more important than life event
itself
|
Social support
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Presence of social network, social interaction and instrumental
support
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Poor social support
|
Marital status
|
Being married is protective as well as predictor for future
separation
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Being single, divorced or separated
|
Socioeconomic factors
|
Higher level of education, good income, living condition, employed
status is protective (over-representation in bipolar II patients)
|
Lower socio-economic status (lower level of education, lower level of
income, poorer living condition, higher level of unemployment)
|
Residence (Rural-Urban difference)
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Rural communities (in relation to stressful life)
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Urban communities
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Substance use (Comorbid Axis I diagnosis)
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Absence of alcohol abuse or dependence
|
Presence of alcohol abuse and dependence
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Treatment adherence
|
Presence of treatment adherence
|
Absence of treatment adherence
|