Conclusion
While research continues to work toward determining the best therapies
for the prevention of BPD in extremely preterm infants, it remains clear
that early and adequate nutritional support in the first postnatal weeks
is critical to improve long-term outcomes and prevent harmful neonatal
morbidities. As neonatal medicine works toward improving outcomes in the
most premature infants, a multifaceted approach to the prevention and
treatment of pulmonary outcomes is warranted. In addition to the
investigation of the right ventilatory approach to limit injury and
oxidative stress to the preterm lung, research strategies which evaluate
the role of nutritional treatments aimed to prevent BPD are critical to
improving outcomes in extremely preterm infants.