Figure legends
Figure 1. Microbiome comparison of two carpenter bee species A)Xylocopa sonorina and Xylocopa tabaniformis, photos by K.
Garvey, used with permission. In B) bacterial species Chao 1 richness
and Shannon’s index diversity. In C), species and tissues differ in beta
diversity, with the gut communities tightly clustering and
differentiated between species. In D), bacterial composition in bothXylocopa species and tissue types is summarized at the Genus
level.
Figure 2. Heatmap of bacterial genus-species bins detected in
at least one sample of both Xylocopa species. Bacterial taxa are
ordered by descending mean relative abundance in each bee gut sample.
Figure 3. Phylogenetic placement of gut Xylocopa core
taxa in the Lactobacillaceae. A) Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree
optimized with internal maximum likelihood, where nodes
with>75% bootstrap support from 1000 resampled trees are
colored blue, while those with <75% bootstrap support at
colored red. Core ASVs present at >= 0.1% relative
abundance in at least one sample were used. Core taxa clades are
indicated in green for Bombilactobacillus and blue forLactobacillus. Subtree in B) shows Bombilactobacillus(green tips in full Lactobacillaceae tree) ASVs from the current study
(indicated as ASV) and their average relative abundance in individual
bee gut tissue of X. sonorina and X. tabaniformis , with
stacked bars colored by geographic location. Subtree in C) shows
Lactobacillus ASVs (blue tip in full Lactobacillaceae tree) from the
current study and their average relative abundance in individual bee gut
tissue of X. sonorina and X. tabaniformis , with stacked
bars colored by geographic location.
Figure 4. Phylogenetic placement of gut Xylocopa core
taxa in the Bifidobacteriaceae, with outgroups selected from (Lugli et
al. 2017). A) Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree optimized with internal
maximum likelihood, where nodes with>75% bootstrap support
from 1000 resampled trees are colored blue, while those with
<75% bootstrap support at colored red. Core ASVs present at
>= 0.1% relative abundance in at least one sample were
used. Core taxa clades are indicated in red for Bombiscardovia .
Subtree in B) shows Bombiscardovia (red tips in full tree) ASVs
from the current study (indicated as ASV) and their average relative
abundance in individual bee gut tissue of X. sonorina andX. tabaniformis , with stacked bars colored by geographic
location.