Quality of life survey
QoL was estimated using the QoL Short Form Survey (SF-12). The SF-12 is derived from the SF-36 Short Form survey by scoring the responses of the mental and physical components of the study. The physical SF-12 component (PCS) investigates physical functioning, pain, and physical role, while the cognitive component (MCS) summarizes mental health and social and emotional functioning. The results of these two components were scored 0-100 by scoring the standard answers to standard questions, where higher scores represented better mental and physical health.