Methods
This study was deemed exempt by the Rutgers University Institutional
Review Board. An anonymous electronic survey created by Marshall et al.
was adapted by two PHO faculty and subsequently piloted by additional
faculty and fellows. The survey (Supplement A) consisted of questions on
demographics, career goals at various timepoints during training, job
search experiences including barriers and helpful tools, and
consequences for mental health such as stress and anxiety. In June 2021,
all PHO division chiefs and program directors within the United States
were invited to complete the electronic Qualtrics survey and were asked
to disseminate the link to their fellows. Most responses were based on a
Likert scale. Free-text responses were coded based on content theme
analysis by three independent providers, and any discrepancies were
discussed. Descriptive statistics and two-tailed P- values using
Fisher’s exact tests were computed for statistical analysis.