2.3. Anti-human oral cancer properties of AgNPs
HSC-2, HSC-3, HSC-4, KB, BHY, HN, OECM-1, and Ca9-22 cells were used to evaluate the anticancer effect of AgNPs on cell culture.
The cancer cell lines were cultured in 1640-RPMI culture medium enriched with 10% FBS and 1% streptomycin and penicillin antibiotics in 5% CO2 in an incubator at 37°C.
To determine the cytotoxicity effects of nanoparticles against cancer cell lines, the MTT assay was used. At first, 106cells were planted in 96 plates. Then the cancer cells were received the nanoparticles at the 0-1000 µg/ml concentrations for 24, 48 and 72 hours, and then after the mentioned times, the content of the 96-well plate was emptied. Then the added MTT dye was incubated at 37°C temperature and 5% CO2 for 5 hours. Finally, the samples absorbance was read and recorded by an ELISA reader (Bio Tek, USA) at a wavelength of 570 nm, and the lethality of the cells was computed by the following formula [41]:
\begin{equation} Cell\ viability\ (\%)\ =\frac{\text{Sample\ A.}}{\text{Control\ A.\ \ }}x100\nonumber \\ \end{equation}
Also, the concentration at 50% lethality (Concentration half maximal inhibitory) or IC50 was checked. Also, after the treatment of cells with nanoparticles, the morphology of cancer cells was also compared to the control group (untreated).