2.1. Study population and processes
A total of 60 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery with on-pump CABG were included in this study. The present study was approved by the local ethics committee (Approval number: 04.07.2022-2022/13/19). All operations were carried out by the same operations team. Exclusion criteria consisted of patients who had a preoperative infection, had a blood product transfusion, received inotropic support, had a history of oxygen support in the last two weeks, and needed postoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. All procedures were performed under general anesthesia with mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Intermittent isothermal blood cardioplegia was used for myocardial protection. General anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and intravenous rocuronium was used for neuromuscular blockade.