Statistical Analysis
Continuous variables are presented as medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs); categorical variables are reported as frequencies and proportions (%). The associations between surgical complications and covariates were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test (nonparametric) for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables.
We evaluated the associations of the risk factors with the risk of 5-year surgical complications by using separate multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling. We adjusted for age, diabetes mellitus, duration of surgery, menopausal syndrome, HRT, average flow rate (AFR), voiding time and sling type. Subgroup analyses were performed for patients categorized by age groups and diabetes status.
All statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). The 2-sided statistical significance level was α = 0.05.