\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{breakcites}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{hyphenat}





\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage[colorlinks = true,
            linkcolor = blue,
            urlcolor  = blue,
            citecolor = blue,
            anchorcolor = blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{\unvbox\@outputbox}{}{%
  \errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}%
}%
\makeatother


\usepackage{natbib}




\renewenvironment{abstract}
  {{\bfseries\noindent{\abstractname}\par\nobreak}\footnotesize}
  {\bigskip}

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{*3}{*1}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{*2}{*0.5}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{*1.5}{0pt}


\usepackage{authblk}


\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[space]{grffile}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabulary}
\usepackage{booktabs,array,multirow}
\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb}
\providecommand\citet{\cite}
\providecommand\citep{\cite}
\providecommand\citealt{\cite}
% You can conditionalize code for latexml or normal latex using this.
\newif\iflatexml\latexmlfalse
\providecommand{\tightlist}{\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}%

\AtBeginDocument{\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.PDF,.eps,.EPS,.png,.PNG,.tif,.TIF,.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}



\usepackage{float}








\begin{document}

\title{Estimate of sediment settling velocities from a theoretically guided
data-driven approach}



\author[1]{Zhendong Cao}%
\author[1]{Phillip Wolfram}%
\author[1]{Joel Rowland}%
\author[2]{Yu Zhang}%
\author[1]{Donatella Pasqualini}%
\affil[1]{Los Alamos National Laboratory}%
\affil[2]{Los Alamos National laboratory}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 25, 2024}


\begingroup
\let\center\flushleft
\let\endcenter\endflushleft
\maketitle
\endgroup





\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Sediment settling velocities are commonly estimated from process-based
or parametric data-driven approaches. The process-based approach has
theoretical constraints due to the unclear settling physics; the
parametric data-driven approach is limited by its mathematical
assumptions. To overcome these limitations, this study compiles an
aggregated sediment settling experimental database from literature and
develops a non-parametric data-driven model to estimate the non-cohesive
sediment settling velocity in water. A cross-comparison against five
process-based equations and a parametric data-driven equation
demonstrates the higher accuracy and better consistency of the new model
in estimating sediment settling velocities under various physical
regimes. The data-driven model also shows an easy-implemented
self-update capability by assimilating theoretical data generated from
the process-based equations. The updated model, leveraging experimental
and theoretical data of sediment settling process, further improves the
accuracy and reduces the uncertainty in estimating sediment settling
velocities. This approach illustrates the value of integrating
experimental and theoretical knowledge in estimating the complex process
in sediment transport, and provides an alternative framework for future
sediment transport exploration.%
\end{abstract}%



\sloppy




\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

