Conclusion
In sum, we showed that the body sizes of female lizards were smaller at high altitudes due to colder and drier climatic conditions, which is a reversal of Bergmann’s rule. Further, we showed that the geographical patterns of body sizes within populations of lizards are largely influenced by the variation of climatic and seasonality along altitudinal clines. As expected, resource availability in highly seasonal environments such as rainfall along altitudinal clines significantly influenced the body’s variations within populations of female lizards, suggesting that the variations in the geographic patterns of female lizards’ body sizes may be largely driven by multifarious environments as adaptive plasticity for organisms to possibly buffer physiological costs along geographic clines.