References cited
Alvarado, A., Audin, L., Nocquet, J.-M., Jaillard, E., Mothes, P.,
Jarrin, P., Segovia, M., Rolandone, F., and Cisneros, D., 2016,
Partitioning of oblique convergence in the Northern Andes subduction
zone: Migration history and the present-day boundary of the North Andean
Sliver in Ecuador: Tectonics, v. 35, no. 5, p. 1048-1065, doi:
10.1002/(ISSN)1944-9194.
Ault, A. K., Gautheron, C., & King, G. E., 2019, Innovations in
(U–Th)/He, fission track, and trapped charge thermochronometry with
applications to earthquakes, weathering, surface-mantle connections, and
the growth and decay of mountains. Tectonics, v. 38, p. 3705–3739.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018TC005312
Baby, P., Rivadeneira, M., Barragán, R., and Christophoul, F., 2013,
Thick-skinned tectonics in the Oriente foreland basin of Ecuador:
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, v. 377, no. 1, p.
59–76, doi: 10.1785/gssrl.67.6.27.
Baize, S., Audin, L., Winter, T., Alvarado, A., Moreno, L.P., Taipe, M.,
Reyes, P., Kauffmann, P. and Yepes, H., 2015. Paleoseismology and
tectonic geomorphology of the Pallatanga fault (Central Ecuador), a
major structure of the South-American crust. Geomorphology, v. 237,
pp.14-28.
Barberi, F., Coltelli, M., and Ferrara, G., 1988, Plio-quaternary
volcanism in Ecuador: Geological Magazine, v. 125, no. 1, p. 1-14.
Bishop, B.T., Beck, S.L., Zandt, G., Wagner, L.S., Long, M.D., and
Tavera, H., 2018, Accepted Manuscript: Tectonophysics, v. 731, p. 73-84,
doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2018.03.005.
Bourdon, E., Eissen, J.-P., Gutscher, M.-A., Monzier, M., Hall, M.L.,
and Cotten, J., 2003, Magmatic response to early aseismic ridge
subduction: the Ecuadorian margin case (South America): Earth and
Planetary Science Letters, v. 205, no. 3, p. 123–138.
Brichau, S., Reyes, P., Gautheron, C., Hernández, M., Michaud, F.,
Leisen, M., Vacherat, A., Saillard, M., Proust, J.N., and O’Sullivan,
P., 2021, First timing constraints on the Ecuadorian Coastal Cordillera
exhumation: geodynamic implications: Journal of South American Earth
Sciences, v. 105, 103007, p. 1–57.
Cantalamessa, G., and Di Celma, C., 2004, Origin and chronology of
Pleistocene marine terraces of Isla de la Plata and of flat, gently
dipping surfaces of the southern coast of Cabo San Lorenzo (Manabı,
Ecuador): Journal of South American Earth Sciences , v. 16 ,
no. 8, p. 633-648.
Chiaradia, M., Müntener, O. and Beate, B., 2020. Effects of aseismic
ridge subduction on the geochemistry of frontal arc magmas. Earth
and Planetary Science Letters , v. 531 , 115984.
Collot, J.-Y., Ratzov, G., Silva, P., Proust, J.N., Migeon, S.,
Hernández, M.J., Michaud, F., Pazmino, A., Barba Castillo, D., Alvarado,
A., and Khurama, S., 2019, The Esmeraldas Canyon: A Helpful Marker of
the Pliocene‐Pleistocene Tectonic Deformation of the North
Ecuador‐Southwest Colombia Convergent Margin: Tectonics, v. 38, no. 8,
p. 3140–3166, doi: 10.1190/1.9781560801580.
Coltorti, M., and Ollier, C.D., 2000, Geomorphic and tectonic evolution
of the Ecuadorian Andes: Geomorphology, v. 32, p. 1–19.
Daly, M.C., 1989, Correlations between Nazca/Farallon Plate kinematics
and forearc evolution in Ecuador: Tectonics, v. 8, no. 4, p. 769–790.
Dominguez, S., Lallemand, S.E., Malavieille, J., and von Huene, R.,
1998, Upper plate deformation associated with seamount subduction:Tectonophysics , v. 293 , no. 3-4, p. 207-224.
Dominguez, S., Malavieille, J. and Lallemand, S.E., 2000. Deformation of
accretionary wedges in response to seamount subduction: Insights from
sandbox experiments: Tectonics , v. 19 , no. 1, p. 182-196.
Donelick, R.A., 1993. Apatite etching characteristics versus chemical
composition. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements ,21 (604), pp.1359-0189.
Egbue, O. and Kellogg, J., 2010. Pleistocene to present North Andean
“escape”: Tectonophysics , v. 489 , no. 1-4, p. 248-257.
Eguez, A., Alvarado, A., Yepes, H., Machette, M.N., Costa, C., Dart,
R.L., and Bradley, L.-A., 2003, Database and Map of Quaternary Faults
and Folds of Ecuador and its offshore regions: Open-File Report 03-289,
U.S. Geological Survey.
Espurt, N., Baby, P., Brusset, S., Roddaz, M., Hermoza, W., Regard, V.,
Antoine, P.O., Salas-Gismondi, R., and Bolanos, R., 2007, How does the
Nazca Ridge subduction influence the modern Amazonian foreland basin?:
Geology, v. 35, no. 6, p. 515, doi: 10.1130/G23237A.1.
Espurt, N., Baby, P., Brusset, S., Roddaz, M., Hermoza, W. and
Barbarand, J., 2010. The Nazca Ridge and uplift of the Fitzcarrald Arch:
implications for regional geology in northern South America.Amazonia: Landscape and Species Evolution: A Look into the Past.
Wiley-Blackwell , p. 89-100.
Evans, N.J., Byrne, J.P., Keegan, J.T. and Dotter, L.E., 2005,
Determination of uranium and thorium in zircon, apatite, and fluorite:
Application to laser (U-Th)/He thermochronology: Journal of Analytical
Chemistry, v. 60, no. 12, p.1159-1165.
Farley, K.A. and Stockli, D.F., 2002, (U-Th)/He dating of phosphates:
Apatite, monazite, and xenotime: Reviews in mineralogy and geochemistry,
v. 48, no. 1, p.559-577.
Flowers, R.M., Ketcham, R.A., Shuster, D.L. and Farley, K.A., 2009.
Apatite (U–Th)/He thermochronometry using a radiation damage
accumulation and annealing model. Geochimica et Cosmochimica
acta , 73 (8), pp.2347-2365.
Freisleben, R., Jara-Muñoz, J., Melnick, D., Martínez, J. M., and
Strecker, M. R., 2021, Marine terraces of the last interglacial period
along the Pacific coast of South America (1° N–40° S). Earth System
Science Data, v. 13, no. 6, p. 2487-2513.
Gallagher, K., 2012, Transdimensional inverse thermal history modeling
for quantitative thermochronology: Journal of Geophysical Research, v.
117, no. B2, p. B02408.
Gardner, T.W., Verdonck, D., Pinter, N.M., Slingerland, R., Furlong,
K.P., Bullard, T.F. and Wells, S.G., 1992, Quaternary uplift astride the
aseismic Cocos ridge, Pacific coast, Costa Rica: Geological
Society of America Bulletin , v. 104 , no. 2, p. 219-232.
Gautheron, C., Tassan-Got, L., Barbarand, J. and Pagel, M., 2009. Effect
of alpha-damage annealing on apatite (U–Th)/He thermochronology.Chemical Geology , 266 (3-4), pp.157-170.
Gehrels, G.E., Valencia, V.A. and Ruiz, J., 2008. Enhanced precision,
accuracy, efficiency, and spatial resolution of U‐Pb ages by laser
ablation–multicollector–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems , 9 (3).
Gehrels, G. and Pecha, M., 2014. Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and
Hf isotope geochemistry of Paleozoic and Triassic passive margin strata
of western North America. Geosphere , 10 (1), pp.49-65.
George, S.W.M., Horton, B.K., Vallejo, C., Jackson, L.J., Gabriela
Gutierrez, E., 2021, Did accretion of the Caribbean oceanic plateau
drive rapid crustal thickening in the northern Andes?: Geology ,
v. 49, no. 8, p. 936-940.
Georgieva, V., Melnick, D., Schildgen, T.F., and Ehlers, T.A., 2016,
Tectonic control on rock uplift, exhumation, and topography above an
oceanic ridge collision: Southern Patagonian Andes (47°S), Chile:
Tectonics, v. 35, no. 6, 1317-1341.
Gerya, T. V., Fossati, D., Cantieni, C., & Seward, D., 2009, Dynamic
effects of aseismic ridge subduction: numerical modelling: European
Journal of Mineralogy, v. 21, no. 3, p. 649-661.
Ginster, U., Reiners, P.W., Nasdala, L. and Chanmuang, C., 2019.
Annealing kinetics of radiation damage in zircon. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta , 249 , pp.225-246.
Guenthner, W.R., Reiners, P.W., Ketcham, R.A., Nasdala, L. and Giester,
G., 2013, Helium diffusion in natural zircon: Radiation damage,
anisotropy, and the interpretation of zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology:American Journal of Science , v. 313 , no. 3, p. 145-198.
Gutscher, M.A., Malavieille, J., Lallemand, S., and Collot, J.-Y., 1999,
Tectonic segmentation of the North Andean margin: impact of the Carnegie
Ridge collision: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 168, no. 3, p.
255–270.
Hernández, M. J., Michaud, F., Collot, J. Y., Proust, J. N., &
d’Acremont, E., 2020, Evolution of the Ecuador offshore
nonaccretionary-type forearc basin and margin segmentation:
Tectonophysics, v. 781, 228374.
Horton, B.K., and Fuentes, F., 2016, Sedimentary record of plate
coupling and decoupling during growth of the Andes: Geology, v. 44, no.
8, p. 647–650.
Hsu, J.T., 1992, Quaternary uplift of the Peruvian coast related to the
subduction of the Nazca Ridge: 13.5 to 15.6 degrees south latitude:Quaternary International , v. 15 , p. 87-97.
Hungerbühler, D., M. Steinmann, W. Winkler, D. Seward, A. Egüez, D. E.
Peterson, U. Helg, and C. Hammer, 2002, Neogene stratigraphy and Andean
geodynamics of southern Ecuador: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 57, no. 1-2,
p. 75-124.
Hurford, A.J. and Green, P.F., 1982, A users’ guide to fission track
dating calibration. Earth and Planetary Science Letters , v.59 , no. 2, p.343-354.
Isacks, B.L., 1988, Uplift of the central Andean plateau and bending of
the Bolivian orocline: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
(1978–2012), v. 93, no. B4, p. 3211–3231.
Jaillard, E., Ordonez, M., Suárez, J., Toro, J., Iza, D., and Lugo, W.,
2004, Stratigraphy of the late Cretaceous–Paleogene deposits of the
Cordillera Occidental of central Ecuador: geodynamic implications,Journal of South American Earth Sciences , v. 17 , no. 1, p.
49-58.
Jaillard, E., Guillier, B., Bonnardot, M.-A., Hassani, R., Lapierre, H.,
and Toro, J., 2005, Orogenic buildup of the Ecuadorian Andes, 6th
International Symposium on Andean Geodynamics (Barcelona) , extended
abstract, p. 404-407.
Ketcham, R.A., Carter, A., Donelick, R.A., Barbarand, J. and Hurford,
A.J., 2007. Improved modeling of fission-track annealing in apatite.American Mineralogist , 92 (5-6), pp.799-810.
Ketcham, R.A., Gautheron, C. and Tassan-Got, L., 2011. Accounting for
long alpha-particle stopping distances in (U–Th–Sm)/He geochronology:
Refinement of the baseline case: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 75,
no. 24, p.7779-7791.
Lallemand, S. E., Malavieille, J., and Calassou, S., 1992, Effects of
oceanic ridge subduction on accretionary wedges: experimental modeling
and marine observations: Tectonics , v. 11 , no. 6, p.
1301-1313.
Laslett, G.M., Galbraith, R.F. and Green, P.F., 1994, The analysis of
projected fission track lengths: Radiation measurements , v.23 , no. 1, p.103-123.
Lonsdale, P., and Klitgord, K.D., 1978, Structure and tectonic history
of the eastern Panama Basin: Geological Society of America
Bulletin , v. 89 , no. 7, p. 981-999.
Ludwig, K.R., 2008. User’s Manual for Isoplot 3.6 4. Berkeley
Geochronology Center Special Publication , p.78.
Macharé, J. and Ortlieb, L., 1992, Plio-Quaternary vertical motions and
the subduction of the Nazca Ridge, central coast of Peru:Tectonophysics , v. 205 , no. 1-3, p. 97-108.
Mann, P., Taylor, F.W., Lagoe, M.B., Quarles, A. and Burr, G., 1998,
Accelerating late Quaternary uplift of the New Georgia Island Group
(Solomon island arc) in response to subduction of the recently active
Woodlark spreading center and Coleman seamount: Tectonophysics, v. 295,
no. 3-4, p. 259-306.
Margirier, A., Robert, X., Audin, L., Gautheron, C., Bernet, M., Hall,
S., and Simon-Labric, T., 2015, Slab flattening, magmatism, and surface
uplift in the Cordillera Occidental (northern Peru): Geology, v. 43, no.
11, p. 1031–1034.
Martinod, J., Guillaume, B., Espurt, N., and Faccenna, C., 2013, Effect
of aseismic ridge subduction on slab geometry and overriding plate
deformation: Insights from analogue modeling: Tectonophysics, v. 588, p.
39-55.
Mégard, F., 1984, The Andean orogenic period and its major structures in
central and northern Peru: Journal of the Geological Society ,141 (5), 893-900.
Michaud, F., Witt, C., and Royer, J.-Y., 2009, Influence of the
subduction of the Carnegie volcanic ridge on Ecuadorian geology: Reality
and fiction: Geological Society of America Memoirs, v. 204, no. 0, p.
217–228, doi: 10.1130/2009.1204(10).
Moreno, F., Garzione, C.N., George, S.W., Horton, B.K., Williams, L.,
Jackson, L.J., Carlotto, V., Richter, F. and Bandeian, A., 2020, Coupled
Andean growth and foreland basin evolution, Campanian–Cenozoic Bagua
Basin, northern Peru: Tectonics, v. 39, no. 7, p.e2019TC005967.
Murray, K.E., Reiners, P.W., Thomson, S.N., Robert, X. and Whipple,
K.X., 2019, The thermochronologic record of erosion and magmatism in the
Canyonlands region of the Colorado Plateau: American journal of science,
v. 319, no. 5, p.339–380.
Pedoja, K., Dumont, J.F., Lamothe, M., Ortlieb, L., Collot, J.-Y.,
Ghaleb, B., Auclair, M., Alvarez, V., and Labrousse, B., 2006,
Plio-Quaternary uplift of the Manta Peninsula and La Plata Island and
the subduction of the Carnegie Ridge, central coast of Ecuador: Journal
of South American Earth Sciences, v. 22, no. 1-2, p. 1–21, doi:
10.1016/j.jsames.2006.08.003.
Pilger, R.H., 1984, Cenozoic plate kinematics, subduction and magmatism:
South American Andes: Journal of the Geological Society , v.141 , no. 5, p. 793-802.
Pubellier, M., Bader, A. G., Rangin, C., Deffontaines, B., and Quebral,
R., 1999, Upper plate deformation induced by subduction of a volcanic
arc: the Snellius Plateau (Molucca Sea, Indonesia and Mindanao,
Philippines): Tectonophysics , v. 304 , no. 4, p. 345-368.
Pullen, A., Ibáñez‐Mejia, M., Gehrels, G.E., Giesler, D. and Pecha, M.,
2018. Optimization of a laser ablation‐single collector‐inductively
coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer (Thermo Element 2) for accurate,
precise, and efficient zircon U‐Th‐Pb geochronology. Geochemistry,
Geophysics, Geosystems , 19 (10), pp.3689-3705.
Ramos, V.A., 2005, Seismic ridge subduction and topography: Foreland
deformation in the Patagonian Andes: Tectonophysics, v. 399, no. 1-4, p.
73–86, doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.12.016.
Reiners, P.W., Spell, T.L., Nicolescu, S. and Zanetti, K.A., 2004,
Zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronometry: He diffusion and comparisons with
40Ar/39Ar dating: Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, v. 68, no. 8,
p.1857-1887.
Rodriguez Piceda, C., Scheck-Wenderoth, M., Cacace, M., Bott, J., &
Strecker, M. R. (2022). Long-term lithospheric strength and upper-plate
seismicity in the southern Central Andes, 29°–39°S. Geochemistry,
Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 23, e2021GC010171.
Rosenbaum, G. and Mo, W., 2011. Tectonic and magmatic responses to the
subduction of high bathymetric relief. Gondwana Research, v. 19, no. 3,
p. 571-582.
Saillard, M., Hall, S.R., Audin, L., Farber, D.L., Regard, V. and
Hérail, G., 2011, Andean coastal uplift and active tectonics in southern
Peru: 10Be surface exposure dating of differentially uplifted marine
terrace sequences (San Juan de Marcona, ~15.4˚S):Geomorphology , v. 128 , no. 3-4, p. 178-190.
Samaniego, P., Martin, H., Monzier, M., Robin, C., Fornari, M., Eissen,
J. P., & Cotten, J., 2005, Temporal evolution of magmatism in the
Northern Volcanic Zone of the Andes: the geology and petrology of
Cayambe Volcanic Complex (Ecuador): Journal of petrology, v. 46, no. 11,
p. 2225-2252.
Schütt, J.M., and Whipp, D.M., 2020, Controls on Continental Strain
Partitioning Above an Oblique Subduction Zone, Northern Andes:
Tectonics, v. 39, no. 4, p. 725, doi: 10.1002/2015TC003941.
Schütte, P., Chiaradia, M., and Beate, B., 2010, Geodynamic controls on
Tertiary arc magmatism in Ecuador: Constraints from U–Pb zircon
geochronology of Oligocene–Miocene intrusions and regional age
distribution trends: Tectonophysics, v. 489, no. 1-4, p. 159–176, doi:
10.1016/j.tecto.2010.04.015.
Sébrier, M., Mercier, J.L., Macharé, J., Bonnot, D., Cabrera, J., and
Blanc, J.L., 1988, The state of stress in an overriding plate situated
above a flat slab: The Andes of central Peru: Tectonics , v.7 , no. 4, p. 895-928.
Spikings, R.A., and Crowhurst, P.V., 2004, (U-Th)/He thermochronometric
constraints on the late Miocene-Pliocene tectonic development of the
northern Cordillera Real and the Interandean Depression, Ecuador:
Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 17, no. 4, p. 239–251.
Spikings, R., and Simpson, G., 2014, Rock uplift and exhumation of
continental margins by the collision, accretion, and subduction of
buoyant and topographically prominent oceanic crust: Tectonics ,
v. 33 , no. 5, p. 635-655.
Spikings, R.A., Crowhurst, P.V., Winkler, W., and Villagomez, D., 2010,
Syn-and post-accretionary cooling history of the Ecuadorian Andes
constrained by their in-situ and detrital thermochronometric record:
Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 30, no. 3-4, p. 121–133,
doi: 10.1016/j.jsames.2010.04.002.
Spikings, R.A., Seward, D., Winkler, W., and Ruiz, G.M., 2000,
Low‐temperature thermochronology of the northern Cordillera Real,
Ecuador: Tectonic insights from zircon and apatite fission track
analysis: Tectonics, v. 19, no. 4, p. 649-668.
Spikings, R.A., Winkler, W., Seward, D., and Handler, R., 2001,
Along-strike variations in the thermal and tectonic response of the
continental Ecuadorian Andes to the collision with heterogeneous oceanic
crust: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 186, no. 1, p. 57–73.
Stacey, J.S. and Kramers, J.D., 1975. Approximation of terrestrial lead
isotope evolution by a two-stage model: Earth Planetary Science Letters,
v. 26. doi , 10 , pp.90088-6.
Steinmann, M., Hungerbühler, D., Seward, D., and Winkler, W., 1999,
Neogene tectonic evolution and exhumation of the southern Ecuadorian
Andes: a combined stratigraphy and fission-track approach:
Tectonophysics, v. 307, p. 255–276.
Taylor, F.W., Frohlich, C., Lecolle, J., Strecker, M., 1987, Analysis of
partially emerged corals and reef terraces in the central Vanuatu Arc:
Comparison of contemporary coseismic and nonseismic with quaternary
vertical movements: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 92, no. B6, p.
4905. doi:10.1029/JB092iB06p04905.
Von Huene, R., Corvalán, J., Flueh, E. R., Hinz, K., Korstgard, J.,
Ranero, C. R., and Weinrebe, W., 1997, Tectonic control of the
subducting Juan Fernández Ridge on the Andean margin near Valparaiso,
Chile: Tectonics , v. 16, no. 3, p. 474-488.
Winkler, W., Villagomez, D., Spikings, R., Abegglen, P., Tobler, S., and
Eguez, A., 2005, The Chota basin and its significance for the inception
and tectonic setting of the inter-Andean depression in Ecuador: Journal
of South American Earth Sciences, v. 19, no. 1, p. 5–19, doi:
10.1016/j.jsames.2004.06.006.
Wipf, M., Zeilinger, G., Seward, D. and Schlunegger, F., 2008. Focused
subaerial erosion during ridge subduction: Impact on the geomorphology
in south‐central Peru. Terra Nova, v. 20, no. 1, p.1-10.
Witt, C., Bourgois, J., Michaud, F., Ordoñez, M., Jiménez, N., and
Sosson, M., 2006, Development of the Gulf of Guayaquil (Ecuador) during
the Quaternary as an effect of the North Andean block tectonic escape:
Tectonics, v. 25, no. 3, p. TC3017.