|
Characteristic |
No benzodiazepine exposure, N = 294 |
Benzodiazepine exposure, N = 147 |
p-value1 |
Maternal |
Benzodiazepine exposure only in first trimester, n (%) |
0
(NA) |
39 (27) |
|
|
Benzodiazepine exposure only in second trimester, n (%) |
0 (NA) |
84
(57) |
|
|
Benzodiazepine exposure only in third trimester, n (%) |
0 (NA) |
135
(92) |
>0.999 |
|
Maternalage, Median (IQR) |
31.0 (26.2 – 34.0) |
31.0 (28.0 – 35.0) |
0.217 |
|
Body Mass Index (BMI), Median (IQR) |
24.8 (21.8 – 28.4) |
24.7 (21.9
– 29.1) |
0.905 |
|
Primiparous, n (%) |
156 (53) |
92 (63) |
0.057 |
|
Use of Assisted Reproductive Technique, n (%) |
17 (5.8) |
14 (9.5) |
0.147 |
|
Smoking during pregnancy, n (%) |
60 (20) |
41 (28) |
0.078 |
|
Alcohol use during pregnancy, n (%) |
2 (0.7) |
6 (4.1) |
0.019 |
|
Drugs use during pregnancy, n (%) |
18 (6.1) |
10 (6.8) |
0.782 |
|
Educational level, n (%) |
|
|
0.192 |
|
High |
98 (33) |
35 (24) |
|
|
Low |
54 (18) |
31 (21) |
|
|
Middle |
122 (41) |
73 (50) |
|
|
Presence of support, n (%) |
275 (94) |
135 (92) |
0.510 |
|
Number of concomitant mental disorders, n (%) |
|
|
0.010 |
|
1 |
101 (34) |
32 (22) |
|
|
2 |
99 (34) |
43 (29) |
|
|
3 |
67 (23) |
48 (33) |
|
|
4 |
19 (6.5) |
18 (12) |
|
|
5 |
6 (2.0) |
5 (3.4) |
|
|
6 |
2 (0.7) |
1 (0.7) |
|
|
Number of other psychotropic drugs, n (%) |
|
|
<0.001 |
|
0 |
120 (41) |
33 (22) |
|
|
1 |
145 (49) |
90 (61) |
|
|
2 |
26 (8.8) |
21 (14) |
|
|
3 |
3 (1.0) |
2 (1.4) |
|
|
4 |
0 (0) |
1 (0.7) |
|
|
Need for prolonged psychiatric care (>3 months post
partum, n (%) |
93 (32) |
79 (54) |
<0.001 |
|
Having gestational diabetes, n (%) |
27 (9.2) |
11 (7.5) |
0.549 |
|
Having thyroid disease, n (%) |
13 (4.4) |
10 (6.8) |
0.289 |
|
Having hypertension, n (%) |
30 (10) |
9 (6.1) |
0.155 |
|
Preeclampsia or HELLP during pregnancy, n (%) |
8 (2.7) |
8 (5.4) |
0.150 |
|
Maternal infections, n (%) |
53 (18) |
38 (26) |
0.056 |
|
Having astma, n (%) |
41 (14) |
23 (16) |
0.633 |
|
Having Placentaldisease, n (%) |
37 (13) |
18 (12) |
0.919 |
|
Use of epiduraal anesthesia during delivery, n (%) |
160 (54) |
80
(54) |
>0.999 |
|
Unknown |
294 |
147 |
|
|
Breech position of the child , n (%) |
11 (3.7) |
8 (5.4) |
0.231 |
|
Meconium containing amnion fluid, n (%) |
44 (15) |
17 (12) |
0.329 |
Neonatal |
gender, n (%) |
|
|
0.544 |
|
f |
151 (51) |
71 (48) |
|
|
m |
143 (49) |
76 (52) |
|
|
Number of gestational days, Median (IQR) |
274 (267 – 282) |
269 (266
– 276) |
<0.001 |
|
Birth weight, Median (IQR) |
3,390 (3,090 – 3,689) |
3,350 (3,005 –
3,630) |
0.128 |
|
APGAR score at 1 minute, Median (IQR) |
9.00 (8.00 – 9.00) |
9.00
(8.00 – 9.00) |
0.160 |
|
APGAR score at 5 minutes, n (%) |
|
|
0.164 |
|
3 |
1 (0.3) |
0 (0) |
|
|
5 |
1 (0.3) |
2 (1.4) |
|
|
6 |
3 (1.0) |
2 (1.4) |
|
|
7 |
8 (2.7) |
5 (3.5) |
|
|
8 |
12 (4.1) |
14 (9.9) |
|
|
9 |
59 (20) |
24 (17) |
|
|
10 |
207 (71) |
95 (67) |
|
|
Unknown |
3 |
5 |
|
|
APGAR score at 10 minutes, n (%) |
|
|
0.442 |
|
3 |
1 (0.8) |
1 (1.4) |
|
|
5 |
1 (0.8) |
0 (0) |
|
|
6 |
1 (0.8) |
0 (0) |
|
|
7 |
2 (1.5) |
0 (0) |
|
|
8 |
5 (3.8) |
7 (9.7) |
|
|
9 |
16 (12) |
11 (15) |
|
|
10 |
106 (80) |
53 (74) |
|
|
Unknown |
162 |
75 |
|
|
Minor malformations, n (%) |
17 (5.8) |
15 (10) |
0.092 |
|
Major malforomations, n (%) |
18 (6.1) |
6 (4.1) |
0.373 |
|
1Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher’s exact test;
Pearson’s Chi-squared test |
1Wilcoxon rank sum
test; Fisher’s exact test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test |
1Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher’s exact test;
Pearson’s Chi-squared test |
1Wilcoxon rank sum
test; Fisher’s exact test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test |