Patient Population
Six hundred sixty-five patients with newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma were assessed for eligibility for COG ANBL0532 from November 2007 through February 2012.3 Of these 665, 355 patients with newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma who were enrolled on COG ANBL0532, did not receive prior systemic therapy, did not progress or die of toxicity during induction, and underwent randomization to either single or tandem transplant were assessed for inclusion in our Curie Score analysis (Supplemental FIGURE S1) .3 Among the 355 randomized patients, 228 had paired evaluable 123I-mIBG or131I-mIBG scans available at diagnosis and EOI. Patients with mIBG non-avid disease (n=10) at diagnosis, International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) non-Stage 4 disease (n=19), and those who did not undergo their assigned transplant (n=20) were excluded from the final analysis. The resulting cohort of 179 patients, including 80 patients randomized to tandem and 99 randomized to single AHCT, was examined. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients (or legal guardians) before entry onto ANBL0532 and prior to consolidation randomization. The trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00567567).