Acknowledgements
We thank fieldworkers past and present for collecting data for the long-term monitoring records, and the Freshwater Biological Association for collection of earlier records. We are also thankful to Alice Hardman for assistance with collecting and sectioning the sediment core, and Katharine Moss and Grace Duffy for assistance in the field. DSR, SCM, SJT and EBM were supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Monitoring of Esthwaite Water is also supported by UK-SCAPE. ACT was supported by the Leverhulme Trust Grant, PRG-2018-110.