Introduction
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare group of disorders marked by
sustained overproduction of eosinophils and eosinophil-mediated organ
damage or dysfunction.1 Based on the underlying
etiologies, HES is classified as primary (clonal), reactive, and
idiopathic HES.2 The World Health Organization (WHO)
has defined HES as a sustained increase in the absolute eosinophil count
(AEC) above 1500/µL for longer than 6 months and tissue
damage.3 Though the underlying pathophysiology remains
unclear, clonal eosinophilic expansion and overproduction of
eosinophilopoietic cytokines and their enhanced activity-mediated rise
in eosinophils are the most accepted theories.2 Since
the onset is usually insidious, the disease might remain obscured for a
long period.3 Thus, it is extremely important to
identify the subtle clinical features along with performing routine
blood investigations for early diagnosis and
management.3 Limited studies have presented the case
details of the rare condition with eosinophil-mediated organ damage or
dysfunction. The clinical and other features of the case presented in
this study will contribute to expanding our understanding of this kind
of rare health condition focusing on the resources-limited settings
where tertiary care accessibility has several challenges. This case
study aims to present an adult man, a case of secondary hyper
eosinophilic syndrome in a tertiary care center in Nepal.
Keywords: Case Report, Hydropneumothorax, Peripheral
eosinophilia, Secondary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome