Introduction
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an infrequent kind of inflammatory skin disease that may lead to the development of swiftly expanding and distressing skin ulcers(1). The initial documentation of PG was conducted by Dr. Louis Brocq in 1916. However, it was not until the 1930s that Dr. Brunsting characterized a series of patients with identical clinical symptoms(2). The etiology of PG remains unclear; however, it is hypothesized to be an autoimmune condition characterized by the immune system’s attacks on healthy tissue, resulting in the development of ulcerations.PG impact individuals of all gender, race, or ages, albeit with a higher incidence rate among adults and a greater prevalence among the female (3).
PG is correlated with fundamental medical conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and specific blood disorders. It is plausible for it to manifest consequent to pharmaceutical administration or subsequent to surgical intervention or physical injury(4).The concurrent development of PG with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an infrequent phenomenon, with only a limited number of cases having been documented.
PG can be classified into multiple groups, which include:
1.Classic PG: The prevalent manifestation which is distinguished by the prompt emergence of distressing ulcers featuring elevated, purple borders
2.Bullous PG: This form can be identified by the emergence of vesicles containing fluid that rapidly disintegrates, forming ulcers.
3.Pustular PG: This form can be recognized by the appearance of multiple small pustules that amalgamate to create distressing ulcers.
4.Vegetative PG: This class stands out by the emergence of skin lesions resembling cauliflower growths that pose a challenge for effective management.
5.Postoperative PG: This type manifests after surgical procedures and is believed to be associated with skin trauma or injury.
6.Systemic PG: The last form is linked with systemic illnesses, such as rheumatoid arthritis and rarely SLE(5).
The clinical manifestations of PG include the emergence of one or multiple painful, swiftly advancing ulcers or lesions with uneven margins and a necrotic core. It is noteworthy that the clinical manifestation of PG has the potential to resemble other medical conditions, including infections, malignancies, or autoimmune disorders. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis necessitates a comprehensive medical assessment(3).
PG is a condition that can be effectively managed through various treatment modalities which may encompass corticosteroids, immunosuppressive medications, antibiotics, and surgical intervention. Timely medical intervention is crucial in cases of PG, as prompt treatment can mitigate the risk of complications and enhance prognosis.