1 Introduction:
Intestinal parasites are causing a significant global health concern,
with over 3.5 billion people affected worldwide [1,2,3]. The
infestation rates vary depending on the country of residence and
individual demographics related to populations’ exposure. Common
intestinal parasites include soil-transmitted helminths such asAscaris lumbricoides , Trichuris trichiura , hookworm, and
protozoa like Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba spp [4,
5]. Least developed countries in particular, face higher prevalence
and burden rates of these infections due to factors related to poverty
and underdevelopment including limited access to clean water, poor
hygiene and sanitation practices, malnutrition, and hot and humid
climates [6,7]. This combination of conditions and practices create
an ideal environment for the transmission, spread, and local
establishment of intestinal parasites [8,9,10]. Sudan and South
Sudan are predominantly endemic with soil-transmitted helminthes and
other parasitic diseases [10 - 23].
Additionally, infection with intestinal parasites poses a serious
health, socio-cultural, and economic burdens in endemic countries, while
in industrialized nations, mainly immigrants, seasonal workers, and
nomadic populations are the primary groups at risk [24, 25].
Transmission of parasites can occur through direct person-to-person
contact or contact with contaminated sources like food, water, or soil
[26]. In high burden areas, coinfections with multiple parasites are
increasingly occurring due to the poor living conditions, malnutrition,
and weakened immuno-system [27,28, 29]. It lead to high morbidity,
mortality, disability, and enhance the susceptibility to other
infections [27 - 29]. Children, teens and adult, are at higher risk
of adverse health outcomes with multiple parasitic infections compared
to single infestations [30]. Here, we report case to highlight how
poor socio-economic conditions and disadvantaged living situations of
immigrants can profoundly affect health outcomes even in developed
countries.