General participant characteristics
Participant characteristics are displayed in Table 1. The mean age was 32.8 (±4.37) years, the mean BMI was 24.1 (±3.98) and the mean daily caloric intake 2127 (±531) kCal. Most participants were of Dutch ethnicity (n=453). 278 (40.1%) participants had calcium intakes at or above the RDI of 1000 mg/day. Twenty-nine percent of participants consumed less than the EAR, and 5% of participants consumed less than 500 mg/day. Participants who were excluded due to significant underreporting of caloric intake reported an average daily caloric intake of 1256 kCal (±339). The group of excluded participants was on average 0.8 years younger (p=0.004), had a higher mean BMI by 2.8 points (p<0.001) than the included participants, and had a smaller proportion of higher educated participants (56% vs. 63%; p=0.023).