2.2.1 GWAS of sarcopenia
Genetic association of four measures of sarcopenia, including ASM, LH, RH and WP, were retrieved from the IEU[29], which included 450, 243, 461, 026, 461, 089 and 459, 915 participants, respectively (Supplement Table S1 ). The independent genetic variants of WP adjusted for BMI were retrained from the BMI-adjusted GWAS, including 450, 967 individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank[30]. The corresponding genetic information of SNPs about 3 different types of COVID-19 infection was reviewed and collected in the sarcopenia consortium, respectively.