Study population and sample collection
Used were urine samples of thirty-two T2DM patients, administering anti-hypertensive medications at the primary health care level, recruited within the Prospective Cohort Study in Patients with T2DM for Validation of Biomarkers (PROVALID) study. PROVALID is an observational, prospective cohort study in five European countries with detailed information on inclusion and exclusion criteria of the patient selection previously provided[28]. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Innsbruck (Nr. 1188/2020). Consent was obtained from all the patients. Urine samples were collected from the patients at their visit just before GLP-1R agonists prescription and labelled as pre-treatment samples. The urine samples collected at the first visit after the treatment initiation were labelled as post-treatment samples. All the sixty-four urine samples were stored at -20°C until peptidomic analysis.