Introduction
The 2022 World Malaria Report published by the World Health Organization
showed that there were 247 million malaria cases and 619,000 deaths in
84 malaria endemic countries. In the African region, there were 234,000
malaria cases and 593,000 deaths in 2021. This region accounted for
approximately 95% of cases and 96% of malaria deaths [1]. Malaria
is caused by infection with a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium
and is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes [2].
For a long time, people believed that Plasmodium vivax is not very
harmful, but sometimes it can cause serious problems such as severe
anemia and ARDS [3]. Falciparum malaria can cause changes in the
coagulation cascade, including disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Hypercoagulable complications of malaria usually occur in the
microvasculature. However, there are several cases of intracranial
venous thrombosis due to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax
malaria [4-6] and there was also one case report of pulmonary
thromboembolism due to Plasmodium falciparum [7].
To the best of our knowledge, there have not been case reports of
plasmodium vivax associated with pulmonary thromboembolism. Here, we
presented the case of a 30-year-old Ethiopian male patient who was
diagnosed to have plasmodium vivax malaria and pulmonary
thromboembolism.