4.2 Recognition P300
We found that the probe elicited a greater recognition P300 than the
irrelevants among guilty participants, but not among innocent ones. This
is consistent with findings from most previous P300-based CIT studies
(Olson, Rosenfeld, Kim, & Perrault, 2018; Rosenfeld, Shue, & Singer,
2007; Rosenfeld, Soskins, Bosh, & Ryan, 2004). P300 is a complicated
ERP component with multiple neural sources, apparently connected to
working memory, attention, and recollection (Linden, 2005; Polich,
2007). In this concealed autobiographical-information test scenario,
since the probe (the subject’s own name) is highly meaningful to guilty
participants, it is not surprising to find that the probe elicited a
larger P300 in guilty individuals.