4.2 Recognition P300
We found that the probe elicited a greater recognition P300 than the irrelevants among guilty participants, but not among innocent ones. This is consistent with findings from most previous P300-based CIT studies (Olson, Rosenfeld, Kim, & Perrault, 2018; Rosenfeld, Shue, & Singer, 2007; Rosenfeld, Soskins, Bosh, & Ryan, 2004). P300 is a complicated ERP component with multiple neural sources, apparently connected to working memory, attention, and recollection (Linden, 2005; Polich, 2007). In this concealed autobiographical-information test scenario, since the probe (the subject’s own name) is highly meaningful to guilty participants, it is not surprising to find that the probe elicited a larger P300 in guilty individuals.